Questions and Answers
What is the unit of measurement for blood pressure?
mmHg
What is the average blood pressure value when the ventricles contract and blood is ejected into the aorta?
Systolic BP
What is the diastolic BP in a reading of 118/72?
72
What is the pulse pressure in a reading of 118/72?
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What is the mean arterial pressure if the reading is 118/72?
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Where is the common carotid artery located?
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Where is the brachial artery located?
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Where is the radial artery located?
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Which artery should be used to measure blood pressure?
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What are the sounds you hear while taking someone's blood pressure?
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Calculate the cardiac output (CO) given a heart rate (HR) of 70 bpm, systolic BP of 124 mmHg, diastolic BP of 82 mmHg, and stroke volume (SV) of 70 mL.
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What is the blood vessel that would increase blood pressure?
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Which of the following would be a response to an increased stretch in the aorta?
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Which of the following would be a response to an increased stretch in the aorta?
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Why would someone with a depressed baroreceptor reflex be at risk for dizziness and lightheadedness when standing up too quickly?
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___ monitor blood pressure, and are located in the aorta and the carotid bodies.
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How would blood pressure respond to peripheral artery vasoconstriction without any other compensatory homeostatic responses?
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If the pulse pressure is 50 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure is 75 mmHg, what is the systolic pressure?
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Which of the following describe Korotkoff sounds?
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Baroreceptors are mechanoreceptors that monitor blood pressure.
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Calculate Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) using the given numbers: Systolic pressure 125 mmHg, Diastolic pressure 95 mmHg.
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Blood pressure is reported as Diastolic/Systolic.
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What brain structure receives information from baroreceptors?
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Which of the following would cause blood pressure to decrease?
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Study Notes
Blood Pressure Measurement and Units
- Blood pressure is measured in mmHg (millimeters of mercury).
- Systolic BP represents the pressure during ventricular contraction when blood is ejected into the aorta.
Blood Pressure Readings
- A reading of 118/72 indicates a diastolic BP of 72 mmHg.
- Pulse pressure, calculated as systolic minus diastolic, is 46 mmHg for the reading of 118/72.
- Mean arterial pressure (MAP) can be approximated using the formula; for 118/72, it is rounded to 87 mmHg.
Arterial Locations
- Common Carotid artery is located in the neck area.
- Brachial artery is found in the middle arm area, and it is preferable for blood pressure measurement.
- Radial artery is located at the wrist.
Blood Pressure Sounds
- The sounds heard during blood pressure measurement are known as Korotkoff sounds.
Cardiac Output and Calculations
- Cardiac output (CO) is determined by multiplying heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV); given HR of 70 bpm, SV of 70 mL, the CO is 4,900 mL.
vascular Regulation
- Vasoconstriction is a process that increases blood pressure by narrowing blood vessels.
- Peripheral artery vasoconstriction, without compensatory responses, will lead to an increase in blood pressure.
Baroreceptor Function
- Baroreceptors, located in the aortic arch and carotid bodies, monitor blood pressure.
- When there is increased stretch in the aorta, the cardioacceleratory center is inhibited, leading to decreased heart rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO), and resulting in vasodilation.
Effects of Medications and Responses
- Lasix can depress the baroreceptor reflex, increasing the risk of dizziness upon standing due to reduced blood flow to the brain.
- A deprived baroreceptor reflex fails to maintain blood pressure, especially upon sudden movements.
Special Calculations and True/False Statements
- If given a pulse pressure of 50 mmHg and a diastolic pressure of 75 mmHg, the systolic pressure is 125 mmHg.
- Korotkoff sounds signify both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
- Baroreceptors are classified as mechanoreceptors that detect changes in blood pressure.
- Mean arterial pressure (MAP) can be calculated from systolic and diastolic pressures; for 125/95 mmHg, it is 105 mmHg.
- Blood pressure readings are reported as Systolic/Diastolic, not the other way around.
- The medulla oblongata processes information received from baroreceptors.
Factors that Decrease Blood Pressure
- Increased vasodilation, decreased heart rate, and hemorrhage all contribute to a decrease in blood pressure.
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Test your knowledge about blood pressure with these flashcards. Each card presents a question related to blood pressure measurement and its definitions. Perfect for students in healthcare or anyone interested in understanding this vital sign.
