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Questions and Answers
What is blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP)?
What is blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP)?
Mechanical force that blood exerts on the walls of the capillaries.
Blood Hydrostatic Pressure: produced by the contraction of _______ __________/ favors the _______ movement of fluid from capillaries/ much higher at _______ end than at the ________ end/ pressure ________ as it moves through capillaries.
Blood Hydrostatic Pressure: produced by the contraction of _______ __________/ favors the _______ movement of fluid from capillaries/ much higher at _______ end than at the ________ end/ pressure ________ as it moves through capillaries.
left ventricle, outward, arterial, venule, drops
Why does BP drop as it moves through capillaries? Capillaries are ____________ and offer much __________/ fluid outside capillaries is under _______ hydrostatic pressure/ this is called ___________ fluid hydrostatic pressure.
Why does BP drop as it moves through capillaries? Capillaries are ____________ and offer much __________/ fluid outside capillaries is under _______ hydrostatic pressure/ this is called ___________ fluid hydrostatic pressure.
small, resistance, little, interstitial
What is the interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (IFHP)?
What is the interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (IFHP)?
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Interstitial fluid has many ______ so it exerts an ______ pressure (attracts water).
Interstitial fluid has many ______ so it exerts an ______ pressure (attracts water).
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What is the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure (IFOP)?
What is the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure (IFOP)?
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Blood has ________ solutes than interstitial fluid so it has a ________ osmotic pressure.
Blood has ________ solutes than interstitial fluid so it has a ________ osmotic pressure.
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What is the blood osmotic pressure (BOP)?
What is the blood osmotic pressure (BOP)?
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What are hydrostatic forces?
What are hydrostatic forces?
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What are osmotic forces?
What are osmotic forces?
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What are blood vessels?
What are blood vessels?
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2 important functions of blood vessels: 1. control _________ distribution, 2. regulate ______.
2 important functions of blood vessels: 1. control _________ distribution, 2. regulate ______.
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3 Major Categories of Blood Vessels: 1.: carry blood away from the heart, 2.: carry blood to the heart, 3.________: connect arteries and veins; where exchange between blood and ________ occurs.
3 Major Categories of Blood Vessels: 1.: carry blood away from the heart, 2.: carry blood to the heart, 3.________: connect arteries and veins; where exchange between blood and ________ occurs.
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3 Layers of blood vessels: 1.tunica __________, 2.tunica __________, 3.tunica __________.
3 Layers of blood vessels: 1.tunica __________, 2.tunica __________, 3.tunica __________.
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Tunica intima: inner layer of ___________/ _________ __________ epithelium/ lines entire _________ system/a ____ friction surface.
Tunica intima: inner layer of ___________/ _________ __________ epithelium/ lines entire _________ system/a ____ friction surface.
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Tunica media: the _____ layer/ mainly ________ _______/ some _______ fibers/ _______ controls/ _______ in arteries than veins.
Tunica media: the _____ layer/ mainly ________ _______/ some _______ fibers/ _______ controls/ _______ in arteries than veins.
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Tunica Adventitia: ________ layer/ _________ __________ connective tissue/ _________ and _______.
Tunica Adventitia: ________ layer/ _________ __________ connective tissue/ _________ and _______.
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Capillaries: They are ____________/ walls are a thin layer of tunica ________/ diameter is slightly smaller than a ________ which allows for _______ exchange between blood and tissues/ networks are called ________ ______.
Capillaries: They are ____________/ walls are a thin layer of tunica ________/ diameter is slightly smaller than a ________ which allows for _______ exchange between blood and tissues/ networks are called ________ ______.
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Capillary beds: _______ open and close beds/ beds open and close as _________
Capillary beds: _______ open and close beds/ beds open and close as _________
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Study Notes
Blood Hydrostatic Pressure (BHP)
- BHP is the mechanical force exerted by blood on the capillary walls.
- It is generated by the contraction of the left ventricle of the heart, favoring outward fluid movement from capillaries.
- BHP is significantly higher at the arterial end of the capillary than at the venous end, leading to a pressure drop as blood flows through.
Fluid and Pressure Dynamics in Capillaries
- Capillary permeability is small and creates resistance, causing a drop in blood pressure.
- Interstitial fluid has a hydrostatic pressure of 0 mm Hg, known as interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (IFHP).
- Interstitial fluid contains solutes which contribute to osmotic pressure, with interstitial fluid osmotic pressure (IFOP) measuring 3 mm Hg.
Osmotic and Hydrostatic Pressures
- Blood has a higher concentration of solutes compared to interstitial fluid, resulting in greater osmotic pressure.
- Blood osmotic pressure (BOP) is 25 mm Hg, which is critical for fluid balance.
Forces in Fluid Movement
- Hydrostatic forces push fluids outward from capillaries, favoring filtration.
- Osmotic forces pull fluids inward toward capillaries, favoring reabsorption.
Structure and Function of Blood Vessels
- Blood vessels are pressurized tubes connected by the heart and are not passive; they actively regulate blood distribution and blood pressure (BP).
- There are three major categories of blood vessels:
- Arteries — carry blood away from the heart.
- Veins — return blood to the heart.
- Capillaries — facilitate the exchange of substances between blood and tissues.
Layers of Blood Vessels
- Blood vessels are composed of three layers:
- Tunica intima: the innermost layer with simple squamous epithelium, providing a low-friction surface.
- Tunica media: the middle layer comprised mainly of smooth muscle and elastic fibers, controlled by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS); this layer is thicker in arteries than in veins.
- Tunica adventitia: the outermost layer made of irregular dense connective tissue, serving to protect and anchor the vessel.
Characteristics of Capillaries
- Capillaries are classified as microscopic vessels with walls made up of the tunica intima.
- Their diameter is slightly smaller than that of a red blood cell (RBC), enhancing nutrient and gas exchange.
- Networks of capillaries are referred to as capillary beds.
Regulation of Capillary Flow
- Capillary beds are regulated by sphincters that open and close, adjusting blood flow as needed.
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Description
Test your knowledge on blood hydrostatic pressure and its role in the circulatory system. This quiz covers definitions and key terms related to blood vessels and their functions. Perfect for students studying physiology or related fields.
