Blood Gases and pH in Respiratory Physiology

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Questions and Answers

What do arterial blood gases (ABG) measure?

  • Acidity, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels (correct)
  • Alkalinity, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen levels
  • Glucose, potassium, and sodium levels
  • Hemoglobin, bicarbonate, and chloride levels

Which blood gas test is considered the gold standard in sick patients with respiratory issues?

  • Complete blood count (CBC)
  • ABG testing (correct)
  • Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test
  • Venous Blood Gas (VBG)

In what clinical settings are ABGs commonly performed?

  • Ophthalmology departments
  • Cardiology clinics
  • Orthopedic surgery centers
  • ICU and ER settings (correct)

What does the venous blood gas (VBG) accurately determine?

<p>Carbon dioxide levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is arterial testing preferred over venous testing in certain patients?

<p>Because arterial blood reflects oxygenation more accurately (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two important measures of a patient’s clinical status that an ABG can provide?

<p>Oxygenation and blood acid levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the bicarbonate buffer system?

<p>Regulate the pH of body fluids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation, what does 'pK' represent?

<p>Acid dissociation constant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does hypoventilation impact the acid-base balance in the body?

<p>Increases H+ and lowers pH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with respiratory alkalosis?

<p>Reduced CO2 levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of metabolic acidosis?

<p>Ethanol ingestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the kidneys contribute to regulating pH in the body directly?

<p>By excreting or reabsorbing H+ ions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a negative Base Excess (BE) in blood indicate?

<p>Blood has an excess of acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is oxygen primarily transported in the blood?

<p>Bound to hemoglobin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What parameter determines the oxygen saturation (sO2) in the blood?

<p>Partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for Hemoglobin concentration in males?

<p>13.5-17.5 g/dL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do changes in pH have on protein function?

<p>Alters their tertiary structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the pH of a solution typically represented?

<p>[H+] (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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