Blood Composition MCQs

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Questions and Answers

An adult male patient presents with symptoms of dehydration. Considering the average blood volume, which range would be most concerning if his blood volume fell within?

6-7 Liters, suggesting he might be over-hydrated.
5-6 Liters, as this is the normal range.
3-4 Liters, as it indicates significant fluid loss. (correct)
4-5 Liters, which is still within a normal range.

A female athlete consults a doctor after experiencing fatigue during intense workouts. Assuming her blood volume is normal, which range would the doctor expect to see?

5-6 Liters, a normal value in females.
6-7 Liters, potentially indicating a blood doping issue.
4-5 Liters, representing a typical value for females. (correct)
3-4 Liters, suggesting possible anemia.

During a surgical procedure, a patient's arterial blood is noted to be a different color than expected. Which color would be indicative of properly oxygenated arterial blood?

Dull red, indicating deoxygenation.
Bright scarlet, representing high oxygen saturation. (correct)
Bluish, typical in venous blood.
Purple, suggesting a metabolic disorder.

A hematocrit test reveals that a patient's blood sample is composed of 45% cellular elements. In the context of a normal, healthy adult, what does this percentage primarily reflect?

The typical proportion of cells, mostly erythrocytes, in blood. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A researcher is analyzing blood plasma and identifies several components. While all options are found in blood, which is exclusively located in the blood plasma?

Hormones, as they are transported in the fluid matrix. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In determining the composition of blood plasma, which component constitutes the largest proportion by weight?

Water, serving as the solvent for plasma. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In a clinical laboratory, a technician is asked to estimate the water content of a patient's plasma sample. Among the options, which percentage aligns most closely with the typical water composition in plasma?

90%, aligning with the highest possible hydration scenario. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A researcher is studying the components of blood plasma. Which of the following is least likely to be found dissolved within it?

RBCs, the cells responsible for oxygen transport. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How would a significant decrease in plasma proteins affect the overall function of the blood?

Impaired regulation of blood pressure due to decreased oncotic pressure. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a critical role of the water component of blood plasma?

To provide a medium for metabolic reactions and transport of substances. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does the color of arterial blood differ from venous blood, and what is the physiological reason for this difference?

Arterial blood is bright scarlet because it is oxygen-rich; venous blood is dull red because it carries more carbon dioxide. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient's hematocrit shows a value of 60%. What could this indicate, and what further tests should be conducted?

Polycythemia; conduct tests to rule out dehydration or a bone marrow disorder. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A phlebotomist draws blood for testing, using a tube containing anticoagulant. What component of the blood is most affected by this additive, preventing clotting?

Platelets, thereby preventing the formation of clots. (D) Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has a deficiency in plasma proteins, what physiological effect might occur due to altered oncotic pressure?

Fluid accumulation in tissues (edema). (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the concentration of dissolved gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide influence the physiological characteristics of blood?

Oxygen binds to hemoglobin; carbon dioxide helps regulate pH levels. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is diagnosed with a severe hormone deficiency but exhibits no symptoms directly related to blood volume or blood cell count. What aspect of blood function is most likely compromised?

The regulation of various body processes acting as chemical messengers. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What compensatory mechanisms does the body employ when there is a significant loss of blood volume to maintain blood pressure?

Increased heart rate and vasoconstriction. (A) Signup and view all the answers

When assessing a patient with chronic kidney disease, what alteration in blood composition is expected due to impaired kidney function?

Increased levels of waste products in plasma. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How would severe burns affect blood volume and what immediate changes in blood composition would be anticipated?

Decreased blood volume due to fluid loss; increased hematocrit. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient undergoes a blood transfusion with mismatched blood type. What immediate response in blood composition should the healthcare provider monitor?

Agglutination and hemolysis of red blood cells. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Average blood volume in adult males

In adult males, the average blood volume is 5-6 Liters.

Average blood volume in adult females

In adult females, the average blood volume is 4-5 Liters.