2CB3 Chapter 7

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the basement membrane or basal lamina?

Generate signals for cellular activities

Act as a barrier to macromolecules

Serve as a substratum for cell migration

Provide mechanical support for attached cells (correct)

What is the primary role of the glycocalyx (cell coat) in the extracellular matrix?

Provides mechanical support for cells

Mediates cell-cell and cell-substratum interactions (correct)

Helps to bind regulatory factors on the cell surface

Acts as a barrier to macromolecules

Which protein is the most abundant in the human body?

Elastin

Collagen (correct)

Laminin

Fibronectin

What is the thickness range of the basement membrane or basal lamina?

$50$ to $200$ nm Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue does the basement membrane underlie?

Epithelial tissues Signup and view all the answers

What does collagen primarily consist of?

Fibrous glycoproteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of collagen in the extracellular matrix?

Provide structural support and strength Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of abnormal cell proliferation?

Cancer Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the spread of a tumor to other parts of the body?

Metastasis Signup and view all the answers

What leads to promote metastasis according to the text?

Changes in the numbers and types of cell-adhesion molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells have special properties such as being less adhesive and able to penetrate barriers?

Metastatic cells Signup and view all the answers

Which junction forms 'belts' near the apical surface called junctional complex?

Adherens Junctions Signup and view all the answers

'Tight junctions (TJs)' form what specialized contacts between epithelial cells?

Sealing contacts Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is involved in preventing blood clot formation by acting as a competitive inhibitor to Fibrinogen/Integrin interaction?

RGD peptide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Integrins?

Cell adhesion and signal transduction Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is associated with autoimmune and genetic diseases, anchoring epithelial cells to the basement membrane?

Hemidesmosomes Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the activation of cytoplasmic protein kinases, influencing cell behavior and gene expression?

Outside-in signaling Signup and view all the answers

Which glycoproteins are involved in cell migration and found in basement membranes?

Integrins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about collagen fibers?

They have high tensile strength, capable of supporting 10 kg without breaking Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Vitamin C in collagen synthesis?

Essential for stable collagen synthesis and acts as an antioxidant in the body Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of collagen mentioned in the text?

Fibrillar collagen (Type I and II), non-fibrillar collagen (Type III), and Type IV restricted to the basement membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of proteoglycans?

Consist of a core protein with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains attached, forming a highly acidic structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fibronectin?

Has a modular structure with binding sites for other extracellular matrix components and guides migrating cells during embryogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of integrins?

Mediate cell adhesion and signal transduction by binding to extracellular matrix components Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Extracellular Matrix Components: Collagen, Vitamin C, and Diseases

Collagen is produced by connective tissues, smooth muscle cells, and epithelial cells.
There are 28 different types of human collagen, each restricted to specific body locations.
Collagen's structural features include being a trimer of polypeptide chains and forming a rod-like triple helix.
Collagen fibers have high tensile strength, capable of supporting 10 kg without breaking.
Vitamin C is essential for stable collagen synthesis and acts as an antioxidant in the body.
Types of collagen include fibrillar collagen (Type I and II), non-fibrillar collagen (Type III), and Type IV restricted to the basement membrane.
Collagen-based diseases result from mutations in collagen genes, leading to various health conditions such as osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehler-Danlos syndromes.
Proteoglycans consist of a core protein with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains attached, forming a highly acidic structure.
GAGs attract cations and water, creating a hydrated gel that cushions cells and resists crushing forces.
Fibronectin has a modular structure with binding sites for other extracellular matrix components and guides migrating cells during embryogenesis.
Integrins mediate adhesion between cells and their environment, with the RGD tripeptide sequence facilitating binding to various extracellular proteins.
RGD is also required for platelet aggregation during fibrin clotting.

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Test your knowledge on blood clot formation and the role of RGD peptide in inhibiting the interaction between fibrinogen and integrin. This quiz covers the mechanism of platelet adhesion, the function of RGD peptide, and the impact of anti-RGDAb drugs.