BLOOD 2

Where are platelets formed in the body?

What is the normal concentration of platelets in the blood?

What is the half-life of platelets in the blood?

Which organelle is NOT found within platelets?

What is the main function of the coat of glycoproteins on platelets' membrane?

Which enzyme system is NOT found within platelets?

What is the function of serum in blood clotting?

What is the role of activated platelets in blood clot contraction?

Which factor is responsible for catalyzing the cross-linkage in blood clotting?

What is the rate-limiting factor in causing blood coagulation?

Which pathway has fewer steps and occurs rapidly in blood coagulation?

Where does the intrinsic pathway for blood coagulation begin?

What is the role of vitamin K in blood clotting?

Which enzyme acts on fibrinogen to form fibrin in blood coagulation?

What is the function of fibrin-stabilizing factor in blood clotting?

Why does little fibrinogen normally leak from the blood vessels into the interstitial fluids?

How do the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms usually operate when a blood vessel ruptures during tissue injury?

What limits the explosive nature of the extrinsic pathway in blood coagulation?

What is the main factor responsible for the prevention of blood coagulation while it is circulating in the blood vessels?

What happens when the endothelial wall is damaged?

Which substance is among the most important anticoagulants in the blood, responsible for removing thrombin?

What is the main function of Heparin in the blood?

What can cause thromboembolism according to the text?

What are the causes of thromboembolic conditions mentioned in the text?

What is a characteristic feature of DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)?

'Thromboembolic' conditions generally refer to:

What does antithrombin III mainly combine with in order to prevent clot formation?

What happens when a vessel is ruptured according to Slide 40?

What is responsible for inhibiting platelet aggregation and initiation of blood clotting, according to Slide 40?

What is the role of aspirin in hemostasis?

What prevents further blood loss by adhering to damaged surfaces of blood vessels?

Which event results from a series of chemical reactions and culminates in the formation of fibrin threads?

What is the first event in hemostasis?

What is the primary function of the aggregated platelet plug in hemostasis?

What role does von Willebrand factor (vWF) play in platelet plug formation?

What is the significance of thromboxane A2 in platelet plug formation?

How does aspirin work to prevent blood loss?

What is the primary function of hemostasis?

What is the role of tissue factor in the extrinsic pathway of blood clotting?

What is the function of activated factor X in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation?

What is the primary deficiency in hemophilia A?

What is the role of thrombin in blood coagulation?

Why do we use Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tube to collect blood for CBC?

What is the final step before dissolution of a blood clot?

What is the main function of fibrous organization in hemostasis?

Which pathway requires the activation of factor XII and release of platelet phospholipids?

What role does activated factor V play in blood clotting?

What is the significance of hemophilia A and hemophilia B being X-linked disorders?

What is the primary role of plasmin in blood coagulation?

What is the main function of thrombosthenin in platelets?

Which organelle is NOT found within platelets?

What is the normal concentration of platelets in the blood?

What is the main role of the coat of glycoproteins on platelet membranes?

What is responsible for inhibiting platelet aggregation and initiation of blood clotting, according to the text?

What limits the explosive nature of the extrinsic pathway in blood coagulation?

What is the primary role of thromboxane A2 in platelet plug formation?

What is the primary function of Heparin in the blood?

What is the significance of hemophilia A and hemophilia B being X-linked disorders?

What happens when the endothelial wall is damaged?

What is the main factor responsible for the prevention of blood coagulation while it is circulating in the blood vessels?

What is the role of tissue factor in the extrinsic pathway of blood clotting?

What is responsible for inhibiting platelet aggregation and initiation of blood clotting, according to Slide 40?

What is the function of activated factor X in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation?

'Thromboembolic' conditions generally refer to:

Why do we use Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tube to collect blood for CBC?

What is the primary function of fibrous organization in hemostasis?

What role does activated factor V play in blood clotting?

Which of the following statements about blood coagulation is true?

What is the role of thrombin in blood coagulation?

What is the primary function of hemostasis?

What is the main function of the aggregated platelet plug in hemostasis?

What is responsible for inhibiting platelet aggregation and initiation of blood clotting, according to Slide 40?

Why does little fibrinogen normally leak from the blood vessels into the interstitial fluids?

What is the significance of thromboxane A2 in platelet plug formation?

What can cause thromboembolism according to the text?

What is responsible for removing thrombin from the clot, thus preventing further clot growth?

How does Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) work in collecting blood for CBC?

What is the primary function of Heparin in the blood?

What is the role of thrombomodulin in blood coagulation?

What can cause thromboembolism according to the text?

What is the primary function of heparin in blood coagulation?

What is the main function of the coat of glycocalyx on the endothelial cell surface?

What is the primary role of antithrombin III in preventing clot formation?

Where do platelets originate in the body?

What is the function of soluble oxalate and citrate ion outside the body?

What is the significance of thromboxane A2 in platelet plug formation?

What is responsible for inhibiting platelet aggregation and initiation of blood clotting, according to Slide 40?

What is the main factor responsible for preventing blood coagulation while it is circulating in the blood vessels?

Which pathway requires activation of factor XII and release of platelet phospholipids?

What is the primary role of thrombin in blood coagulation?

What is the main function of fibrous organization in hemostasis?

Which substance is among the most important anticoagulants in the blood, responsible for removing thrombin?

What does 'Thromboembolic' conditions generally refer to?

What is the main function of the aggregated platelet plug in hemostasis?

What is responsible for inhibiting platelet aggregation and initiation of blood clotting, according to the text?

What is the role of tissue factor in the extrinsic pathway of blood clotting?

What is the first event in hemostasis?

What is the function of activated factor X in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation?

What is responsible for inhibiting platelet aggregation and initiation of blood clotting, according to Slide 40?

What limits the explosive nature of the extrinsic pathway in blood coagulation?

Platelets have a half-life in the blood of 5 to 7 days.

Platelets contain nuclei.

Platelets contain enzyme systems that synthesize insulin.

The coat of glycoproteins on platelet membranes causes adherence to normal endothelium only.

Platelets are eliminated from the circulation mainly by the liver.

Platelets contain large amounts of phospholipids that inhibit multiple stages in the blood-clotting process.

The edges of the broken blood vessel are pulled together by the retraction of the clot, contributing further to hemostasis.

Serum is blood plasma minus its fibrinogen and most of the other clotting factors.

Platelets contribute directly to clot contraction by activating platelet thrombosthenin, actin, and myosin molecules.

Most of the proteins involved in blood-clotting are inactive forms of proteolytic enzymes.

Prothrombin activator is usually considered to be the rate-limiting factor in causing blood coagulation.

Fibrin-stabilizing factor, also known as factor XIII, catalyzes the cross-linkage of fibrin to form a stable clot.

The intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms usually operate simultaneously in response to tissue injury.

Clots are typically fully formed in 3 to 6 minutes.

The extrinsic pathway for blood coagulation requires fewer steps than the intrinsic pathway and occurs rapidly.

Thrombin is an enzyme with weak proteolytic capabilities and acts on fibrinogen to form fibrin monomer.

Fibrin monomer has the automatic capability to polymerize with other fibrin monomer molecules to form fibrin fibers.

Fibrinogen, a high-molecular-weight protein found in plasma, does not normally leak from blood vessels into interstitial fluids due to its large molecular size.

Blood clotting depends on the balance between procoagulants and anticoagulants.

Prostacyclin and nitric oxide (NO) promote platelet aggregation and initiation of blood clotting.

Heparin is normally found at a high concentration in the blood.

Siliconized containers prevent contact activation of platelets and Factor XII.

Thrombus refers to freely flowing clots in the blood vessels.

Roughened endothelial surfaces of blood vessels are unlikely to initiate the clotting process.

DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation) often results from the presence of large amounts of traumatized tissue releasing tissue factor into the blood.

T-PA (tissue plasminogen activator) is used when blood must be passed through a heart-lung machine or artificial kidney machine.

Prothrombin time (PT) measures the integrity of the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.

Activated thromboplastin time (aPTT) measures the integrity of the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.

Activated factor X inhibits thrombin in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.

Thromboembolic conditions may be triggered by imbalances in the clotting–anticlotting systems.

The intrinsic pathway is much slower to proceed, usually requiring 1 to 6 minutes to cause clotting.

Tissue factor is composed especially of phospholipids from the membranes of the tissue plus a lipoprotein complex that functions mainly as a proteolytic enzyme.

The activated Factor X combines immediately with tissue phospholipids and Factor V to form the complex called prothrombin activator.

Activated factor V greatly accelerates the protease activity of the prothrombin activator complex.

The common sites of bleeding in newborns include the central nervous system, and sites of medical interventions such as circumcision, heel sticks, and venipunctures.

Hemophilia A and B are X-linked disorders that predominantly affect males.

Patients with more severe hemophilia are less likely to have spontaneous bleeding.

Thrombin has positive feedback effects: it accelerates the formation of prothrombinase, activates platelets, and acts in a positive-feedback fashion to facilitate its own formation.

In the absence of calcium ions, blood clotting by either pathway does not occur.

Fibrous organization or dissolution of the blood clot is an event of hemostasis.

A clot is meant to be a permanent solution to vessel injury.

Plasminogen when activated becomes a substance called plasmin (or fibrinolysin) which removes the remaining unnecessary blood clot.

The formation of a platelet plug is one of the events of hemostasis.

Thrombocytopenia can lead to increased bleeding time.

A break must be present in the vessel wall for bleeding to take place from a vessel.

Platelets do not adhere to the smooth endothelial lining of blood vessels under normal conditions.

Aspirin works by irreversibly inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX-1) which is required to make the precursors of thromboxane within platelets.

The clot begins to develop in 15 to 20 seconds if the trauma to the vascular wall is severe.

The aggregated platelet plug releases several powerful vasodilators that induce profound constriction.

Clot retraction occurs within a few hours after a clot is formed.

Platelets begin to contract and usually express most of the fluid from the clot within 20 to 60 minutes.

Fibrin fibers prevent further blood loss by adhering to damaged surfaces of blood vessels.

Hemostasis includes fibrous organization or dissolution of the blood clot as one of its events.

Fibrin threads are formed as a result of a series of chemical reactions culminating in clotting.