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Questions and Answers
What components make up the fluid called blood?
What components make up the fluid called blood?
What does the circulatory system in vertebrates consist of?
What does the circulatory system in vertebrates consist of?
What type of circulatory system do vertebrates have?
What type of circulatory system do vertebrates have?
What are the great vessels of the heart that are part of the network of blood vessels?
What are the great vessels of the heart that are part of the network of blood vessels?
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What is the term used for the two divisions of the circulatory system?
What is the term used for the two divisions of the circulatory system?
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How many skeletal muscles are typically found in the human body?
How many skeletal muscles are typically found in the human body?
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What is the range of skeletal muscles in the human body based on different sources?
What is the range of skeletal muscles in the human body based on different sources?
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Which vertebrae are used to describe the origin, insertion, and action of skeletal muscles in the table?
Which vertebrae are used to describe the origin, insertion, and action of skeletal muscles in the table?
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What is the term used for paired muscles often working together to make or cancel a movement?
What is the term used for paired muscles often working together to make or cancel a movement?
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What is the term for vestigial muscles that are present in some people but absent in others?
What is the term for vestigial muscles that are present in some people but absent in others?
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Study Notes
Components of Blood
- Blood consists of plasma, red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes).
- Plasma is the liquid component, making up about 55% of blood volume and containing water, electrolytes, nutrients, hormones, and proteins.
Circulatory System in Vertebrates
- Vertebrates have a closed circulatory system, consisting of a heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), and blood.
- This system circulates blood through a network of vessels, allowing for efficient transport of nutrients, gases, and waste.
Type of Circulatory System
- Vertebrates possess a double circulatory system, characterized by separate pulmonary (lungs) and systemic (body) circulation loops.
Great Vessels of the Heart
- Major vessels include the aorta, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, and the superior and inferior vena cavae.
- These great vessels are essential for transporting oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to and from the heart.
Divisions of the Circulatory System
- The circulatory system is divided into two main parts: the systemic circulation and the pulmonary circulation.
Skeletal Muscles in the Human Body
- The human body typically contains around 600 skeletal muscles.
- Estimates on the number of skeletal muscles can vary based on different anatomical classifications.
Range of Skeletal Muscle Count
- Sources indicate a range of skeletal muscle numbers, with some accounting for 640, while others list about 700, including variations and subdivisions.
Vertebrae Related to Muscle Actions
- The cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae are referenced for outlining the origin, insertion, and action of skeletal muscles.
Paired Muscles
- Paired muscles are known as antagonist muscles, as they work together to produce opposite movements, such as flexion and extension.
Vestigial Muscles
- Vestigial muscles, which may be present in some individuals and absent in others, are often referred to as anatomical variations or rudimentary muscles.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the organs and functions of the blood circulatory system, including the heart, blood vessels, and circulation patterns in the human body.
