45 Questions
What is the primary function of erythrocytes in the blood?
To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
What is the approximate percentage of plasma in peripheral blood?
46%
What type of protein is the Rh antigen?
Integral membrane protein
Which hemoglobin form is present in patients with sickle cell anemia?
HbS
What is the typical lifespan of an erythrocyte in the blood?
120 days
What is the percentage of HbA in healthy adults?
97%
What is the shape of an erythrocyte?
Biconcave disk
What is the function of plasma in the blood?
To deliver nutrients and waste products
What is the main reason for anemia in sickle cell anemia?
RBCs rupture, decreasing the number of RBCs available for oxygen transport
What is the percentage of water in plasma?
90%
What is the result of HbS crystallizing into inflexible rods?
RBCs deform into a sickle shape
What is the percentage of HbF in newborns?
80%
What is the term for the portion of plasma that separates from the coagulum after clotting?
Serum
At what age do newborns reach normal adult levels of HbF?
8 months
What is the approximate percentage of inorganic salts in plasma?
0.9%
What is the light microscope appearance of an erythrocyte in a smear?
Pink circle with a light center
What is the function of the heme group in hemoglobin?
Carrying oxygen
What is the normal form of hemoglobin that makes up 2% of hemoglobin in healthy adults?
HbA2
What is the average life span of platelets in the blood stream?
About 10 days
What is the main function of platelets in the body?
To initiate blood clots
What is the origin of platelets?
From the bone marrow
Which of the following types of white blood cells have a multi-lobed nucleus?
Neutrophil
What is the term for an increased number of neutrophils in the circulation?
Neutrophilia
What is the term for a decreased number of neutrophils in the circulation?
Neutropenia
What is the average lifespan of neutrophils inside blood vessels?
About 10 hours
What is the shape of platelets?
Biconvex disk
How many types of white blood cells are mentioned in the text?
5
During which month of fetal development does the liver become a dominant site of hemopoiesis?
2nd month
What is the primary site of blood cell formation in a normal adult?
Bone marrow
What is the origin of the definitive hematopoietic stem cells?
Mesoderm surrounding the aorta
What is the function of the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region (AGM)?
It is the site where stem cells colonize the liver
What is the site of formation of blood cells in the 7th month of fetal development?
Bone marrow
What is the basis of haemopoiesis?
A small population of self-replicating stem cells
Where do stem cells from the liver colonize in the 7th month of gestation?
Bone marrow
What happens to the liver's blood-forming function after the 7th month of gestation?
It loses its function
What is the origin of the first blood cells?
Yolk sac
What percentage of the differential cell count do monocytes typically represent?
2-10%
What is the shape of the nucleus of monocytes?
Kidney or C-shaped
What is the function of monocytes in tissues?
To help destroy foreign bodies and maintain or remodel tissues
What is the term for an increase in the number of monocytes in the blood?
Monocytosis
What is the function of T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes?
Cellular and humoral immunity
What is the characteristic of the cytoplasm of a small lymphocyte?
It is a narrow rim around the nucleus and pale blue
What is the function of B-lymphocytes?
To differentiate into tissue plasma cells that make antibodies
What is the term for cells that are produced from B-lymphocytes and produce antibodies?
Tissue plasma cells
What is the size range of monocytes in diameter?
12-18 μm
Test your knowledge on the functions of blood cells, including transportation of nutrients, oxygen, and hormones. Learn about the composition of peripheral blood and its various components.
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