18 Questions
What type of encryption uses different keys for encryption and decryption?
Asymmetric key encryption
Which type of cipher replaces each character with another character a fixed number of positions down the alphabet?
Substitution Cipher
What does AES stand for in the context of cryptography?
Advanced Encryption Standard
Which type of attack analyzes how differences in input can affect the resulting encrypted output?
Differential Cryptanalysis
What must hold true for a One Time Pad (OTP) to be secure?
The key must be randomly generated and as long as the plaintext
Which type of cipher operates on fixed-size blocks of data, rather than manipulating individual characters?
Block Ciphers
What property does AES shiftRows and shiftColumns step ensure according to the text?
Diffusion
What is the main focus of Linear Cryptanalysis on block ciphers like DES, 3DES, and AES?
Constructing linear equations with high bias
What does Differential Cryptanalysis study in relation to block ciphers?
The distribution of differences in ciphertexts from known plaintexts
Which feature characterizes a Cryptographic Hash Function (CHF) based on the text?
Ability to map data to a fixed-size bit array
In Cryptographic Hash Function SHA-256, what does 'SHA' stand for?
Secure Hash Algorithm
What is the primary goal of MixColumns in AES in conjunction with ShiftRows?
Creating diffusion in the cipher
What is the main difference between ECB and CBC modes of operation in block ciphers?
In ECB mode, each encryption block operation is independent of adjacent blocks, while in CBC mode, each encryption block operation is dependent on adjacent blocks.
Why did the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) replace DES with AES as the standard encryption algorithm?
DES was vulnerable to cracking, while AES provided increased security against attacks like differential and linear cryptanalysis.
Which mode of operation in block ciphers results in identical ciphertext blocks when encrypting identical plaintext blocks with the same key?
ECB (Electronic Code Book)
What made cracking the DES algorithm possible in the 1990s?
Advances in differential and linear cryptanalysis techniques.
Which block cipher mode of operation partially depends on adjacent blocks during encryption?
CTR (Counter)
Why was DES originally practical only in hardware implementations?
DES was designed to be faster in hardware implementations than software implementations.
Test your knowledge on various modes of operation in block ciphers such as ECB, CBC, and CTR. Understand how different methods combine block operations for encryption and decryption, and the characteristics of Electronic Code Book mode.
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