Blasting and Rock Fragmentation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the predominant fragmentation method used in both mining and construction?

  • Electric arc fracturing
  • Hydraulic jet mining
  • Pneumatic ripping
  • Chemical blasting (correct)

    • Which form of energy application is used in the method of chemical blasting?

  • Electric arc or current
  • High explosive, blasting agent, liquid oxygen (LOX), black powder (correct)
  • Compressed air or carbon dioxide cylinder
  • Hydraulic jet

    • What are the effects of rock fracturing caused by blasting?

  • Formation of new rocks, Reduction of cracks, Compression of existing discontinuities, Smoothing of free faces
  • Radial cracks and crushes of the rock near the charge, Extension of cracks and existing discontinuities, Pushing apart the in-situ fragments, Spalling at free faces (correct)
  • Melting of rocks, Formation of new minerals, Reduction of fractures, Compression of existing discontinuities
  • Formation of new layers, Reduction of rock mass, Compression of existing discontinuities, Shaping of free faces

    • What is the primary method for rock fragmentation in mining and construction?

    <p>Blasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main factors that influence rock breakage in the context of blasting?

    <p>Drilling, explosives, and geology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key ingredient for selecting explosives in the context of effective blasting?

    <p>The ability to safely obtain the lowest unit cost of material produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main properties of explosives that influence their selection for specific applications?

    <p>Ability to safely obtain the lowest unit cost and field conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the importance steps of the rock fragmentation process by blasting outlined in the text?

    <p>Compression waves pressure, reflection of the pressure wave, and gas pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does detonation pressure depend on for blasting hard rock?

    <p>Explosive velocity and density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does water resistance measure in an explosive?

    <p>Ability to withstand water exposure without deterioration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor influencing the ability of an explosive to move surrounding material?

    <p>Total gas yield and heat produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does fume class indicate about an explosive?

    <p>The nature and quantity of undesirable gases formed during detonation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sensitivity refer to in relation to an explosive?

    <p>The ease with which an explosive detonates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of explosives are ANFO type explosives?

    <p>Loose, granular compositions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cartridge explosives need to fit in the blast hole?

    <p>Smaller in diameter than the blast hole and fill the hole when tamped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of emulsion explosives?

    <p>Vary from syrup-like to firm putty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of bulk explosives?

    <p>Come in containers, less labor-intensive during loading, and fill the entire hole diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the majority of explosives used in mining today?

    <p>Bulk explosives, such as ANFO and emulsions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary objectives in rock blasting?

    <p>Optimize blast performance and ensure safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does good blast performance require?

    <p>Controlled release of explosive energy through design layout, hole loading procedures, and detonation sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor influencing rock breakage in mining operations?

    <p>Geological rock types, properties, and structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when large gas volumes released under high pressure expand cracks in rock mass during blasting?

    <p>The rock mass yields and is thrown forward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between rock fragmentation and rock fracture?

    <p>Size distribution of fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main factors in rock fragmentation?

    <p>Total energy consumed and size distribution of fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between high explosives and low explosives?

    <p>Detonation velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of shock wave impact in breaking rocks during blasting?

    <p>Creating tension and shear waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary influence on blasting results according to the text?

    <p>Geological characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of detonation in rock fragmentation?

    <p>Expanding cracks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial for explosive selection and performance according to the text?

    <p>Specific gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary influence on rock breakage during blasting?

    <p>Geological rock types</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the pressure wave through rock create during blasting?

    <p>Micro fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of tension and shear waves during blasting?

    <p>Increasing fracturing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main factors that influence rock breakage in the context of blasting?

    <p>Drilling, explosives, and geology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main property of explosives that influences their selection for specific applications?

    <p>Ability to safely obtain the lowest unit cost of material produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial for explosive selection and performance in the context of effective blasting?

    <p>Selecting an adequate product according to field conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary influence on blasting results according to the text?

    <p>The ability to safely obtain the lowest unit cost of material produced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sensitivity refer to in relation to an explosive?

    <p>The ease of initiation and the energy required for detonation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predominant fragmentation method used in both mining and construction?

    <p>Blasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the importance steps of the rock fragmentation process by blasting outlined in the text?

    <p>Compression waves pressure, reflection of the pressure wave, and gas pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of explosives are ANFO type explosives?

    <p>Bulk explosives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does fume class indicate about an explosive?

    <p>The amount of toxic fumes produced upon detonation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the majority of explosives used in mining today?

    <p>Bulk explosives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blasting and Rock Fragmentation in Mining Operations

    • Detonation of explosives in drillholes initiates rapid combustion, releasing energy as heat and gas pressure
    • Pressure wave propagates through rock at 2,500 - 6,000 m/sec, creating micro fractures
    • Compression wave transforms into tension and shear waves during reflection, increasing fracturing
    • Large gas volumes released under high pressure expand cracks, causing rock mass to yield and be thrown forward
    • Three main factors influencing rock breakage: drilling (depth, pattern, diameter), explosives (energy, density, detonator selection), geology (rock types, properties, structures)
    • Rock fragmentation focuses on size distribution of fragments, while rock fracture deals with fewer cracks
    • Two important factors in rock fragmentation: total energy consumed and size distribution of fragments
    • Explosive terminology includes definitions of explosion, explosive, decomposition, detonation, and deflagration
    • High explosives detonate, while low explosives deflagrate
    • Explosives break rocks through shock wave impact and expanding high-pressure gas formed during detonation
    • Geological characteristics, including rock types, properties, and structures, have the greatest influence on blasting results
    • Rock properties, such as specific gravity and detonation velocity, are crucial for explosive selection and performance

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    Engr 2106 Fall 2023 Explosives and Blasting Lec 12 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on blasting and rock fragmentation in mining operations with this quiz. Explore the factors influencing rock breakage, explosive terminology, and the impact of geological characteristics on blasting results. Dive into the world of detonation, deflagration, and the crucial role of rock properties in explosive selection and performance.

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