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General Strategy

• The Ottoman Empire developed complex military strategies to protect its vast territories and achieve conquests.
• Strengthening of central authority was crucial, leading to increased discipline and organization within the army.

Military Organization

• Janissary Corps: The elite infantry unit of the Ottoman army that played a pivotal role in battles.
• Kapikulu Cavalry: Heavy cavalry units that were decisive in securing victories.
• Sipahi: Used strategically to break resistance from local beyliks.

War Tactics

• Siege warfare was a common strategy, focusing on capturing cities and enemy fortifications.
• Quick and surprise attacks were employed to penetrate enemy lines effectively.
• The advancement and effective use of artillery significantly altered the outcomes of many battles.

Defense Strategies

• Fortresses were constructed in border regions to safeguard against enemy incursions.
• Political alliances were formed to present a stronger front against adversaries.

Significant Battles of the Era

• 1620-1621 Ottoman-Safavid Wars: Successful campaigns aimed at defending eastern borders.
• 1683 Siege of Vienna: A critical attempt for westward expansion, whose failure marked a turning point in the empire's fortunes.

Outcomes and Impacts

• The 17th century solidified the military power and strategic thinking of the Ottoman Empire.
• The military strategies and tactics from this period greatly influenced the empire's future military successes.