78 Questions
In critical decision making, who ultimately holds the final responsibility for decision making?
The crew leader
According to Gary Klein's research, what do fire officers and military combat officers rely on when developing plans of action?
Previous experiences
What did Urban fire commanders report about their fire-ground decisions according to Gary Klein's research?
They based decisions on previous experiences
According to Klein's observation, what kind of environments do fire-ground and combat commanders often make decisions in?
Dynamic and time compressed environments
What is the main focus of CRM in terms of reducing errors resulting from miscommunication?
Building defenses to avert errors
How does CRM propose to reduce task overload for fire officers?
By developing effective teams through buy-in of all members
What plays pivotal roles in successful outcomes in emergency scene decision making, according to CRM?
Time and experience
What is frequently the first link in a chain of errors that leads to calamity, as per CRM?
Loss of situational awareness
What can distractions lead to in emergency situations?
Controlled flight into terrain events
How does gathering information from all sources help in emergency situations?
It enhances decision making and helps keep situational awareness current
What is the pinnacle of complacency according to the text?
The perception of any structure fire as routine
What is one of the loss factors that must be taken into account to maintain situational awareness?
Overload
How does ambiguity affect situational awareness?
It causes uncertainty and confusion
What does resolving unresolved discrepancies involve?
Recognizing the discrepancies as needing immediate attention
Why is it important to choose the best option in emergency situations?
To maximize results and minimize risk
What does complacency lead to in emergency situations?
Boredom and carelessness
What can happen if an event, order, or message has more than one potential meaning?
It creates ambiguity
What is the effect of improper procedure in emergency situations?
It requires immediate correction
What does immediacy in decision making at emergency scenes require?
A balance between rushing headlong into a situation and waiting for evaluation of every possible hazard
What is the consequence of inattentiveness in emergency situations?
Boredom and carelessness
What should the moderator focus on during the postincident analysis?
Examining the command structure and resource allocation
What is the best way to evaluate the effectiveness of procedures?
By determining if following the procedures produced the anticipated results
When should serious discussion about poor performance occur?
In private between the fire officer and supervisor
What should a new fire officer strive to do in order to build trust with the fire fighters?
Demonstrate consistency and provide support to the firefighters
What should the officer acting as moderator help the participants differentiate between?
Problems that occurred due to not following procedures and areas for improvement in standard procedures
What should be noted if there is room for improvement in an incident?
Valuable lessons learned in terms of improvement
When should praise be widely distributed according to the text?
If everything met expectations and the outcome was positive
What does it mean for a new supervisor to 'walk your talk'?
To demonstrate actions that align with their words
'FIRE OFFICER TIP Building Trust in the New Fire Officer' suggests that fire fighters will make every effort to protect themselves from an officer who appears to be...
Unsafe, unstable, or unprepared for the job
'FIRE OFFICER TIP Addressing Poor Performance' states that poor performance by one particular crew member should be discussed...
One-on-one in private, not at the kitchen table
What are some of the factors that could undermine a supervisor’s career according to 'FIRE OFFICER TIP Building Trust in the New Fire Officer'?
Appearing unsafe, unstable, or unprepared for the job
According to 'FIRE OFFICER TIP Addressing Poor Performance', where should areas where the whole crew needs to make improvements be discussed?
In front of all team members at a performance review
What are the two decision making models identified by the research?
Recognition-primed decision making and naturalistic decision making
How is decision making improved according to the text?
Through gaining experience, constantly training, improving communication skills, and engaging in pre-incident planning
What are the benefits of practicing enhanced communication skills and improved crew interaction at all levels as mentioned in the text?
Enhanced problem identification, better incident control, improved situational awareness, rapid identification of hazards, rapid assessment of resource capability, rapid development of potential solutions, improved decision making, and reduction of surprises and unanticipated problems
What does situational awareness refer to?
Assessing what is going on around you during the complex and dynamic environment of a fire incident
How does situational awareness affect performance and decision making?
Maintaining situational awareness results in completing operations without errors and catastrophic events
What is one common human behavior factor that leads to a loss of situational awareness?
The tendency to ignore or disregard information that is out of context
In the context of non-incident operations, what is an example provided in the text regarding a failure in situational awareness?
Failing to note at shift change that the self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) cylinders are down to 1500 psi
"Miracle on the Hudson" refers to an incident involving which airline?
U.S. Airways Flight 1549
"Miracle on the Hudson" involved an emergency landing in which body of water?
Hudson River
How did Captain Sully Sullenberger's experience and training help him during the "Miracle on the Hudson" incident according to the text?
His experience and training helped prepare him for the once-in-a lifetime decision he faced
What did Captain Sully Sullenberger consider being helpful during his experiences according to the text?
The Crew Resource Management (CRM) training he went through
What was Captain Sully Sullenberger's final decision during the "Miracle on the Hudson" incident according to the text?
To land in the Hudson River
What is the last step in conducting a post incident analysis?
Writing a summary of the incident for departmental records
Why is it important to use a form to document the essential findings of a post incident analysis?
To ensure that all relevant information is collected in a consistent manner
What is the aim of using the Circle of Consensus tool as mentioned by the chief in the text?
To maintain departmental goals
According to Peter Northouse's classification approach, what are the three subprocesses involved in producing movement through leadership?
Establishing direction, aligning people, and providing motivation
What does the grid theory of management assume drives every decision and action in the workplace?
People's values, attitudes, and beliefs
According to John Cotter, how does leadership differ from management in terms of time frames?
Leadership looks at short time frames, while management focuses on longer time frames
What does the fire chief emphasize when comparing new management concepts to tools on a fire truck?
Evaluating how each new management tool works before implementing it
What did the chief express disappointment about regarding the delegation of in-station training?
The lack of monitoring of in-station training activities
What is the ultimate aim of using new management tools according to the chief?
To accomplish objectives without pummeling fire fighters or eroding authority
What is emphasized as the crucial aspect of managing people effectively according to the chief?
Picking the best idea, concept, or practice that accomplishes objectives without pummeling fire fighters or eroding authority
What does John Cotter describe as driving movement through three subprocesses of leadership?
Meeting departmental goals
What should be included in a post incident analysis report?
Both basic incident report information included in NFIRS and operational analysis information
What is the recommended practice for improving situational awareness?
Using mental joggers for the individual and crew
When should a post-incident analysis be conducted?
As soon as convenient after the event while the information is still fresh in the minds of the participants
What should be done if a deficiency is noted during a post-incident analysis?
Develop a plan for addressing the problem at the same time
How should a critique of a large-scale incident be conducted?
Limit attendance to only company officers and chief officers
What is the purpose of using mental joggers for the individual and crew?
To improve situational awareness
What is recommended for capturing information in a small-scale incident post-incident analysis?
Gather and prepare the necessary information as soon as convenient after the event
What should be done at the start of the post-incident analysis?
Start with an overview presentation of the background and basic information about the incident
What should be included in the description provided by the first-arriving officer during post-incident analysis?
The first officer's role as the initial incident commander and tactical operations performed by that company
What visual method is recommended during post-incident analysis?
Draw a plot layout of the area on a dry-erase board and have various company-level officers locate where they operated
What is recommended to capture information while it's still fresh in the minds of participants during post-incident analysis?
Capture information while it's still fresh in the minds of participants
When should an after-action review or post-incident analysis be conducted?
After every call in which emergency operations are performed at the company level
What should be done during an after-action review or post-incident analysis?
View every situation as a potential learning experience and provide feedback to reinforce positive performance and identify areas for improvement
According to Blake and Mouton, which behavioral model is characterized by a laissez-faire leadership style?
Country club management
In situational leadership, what does the leader need to change based on the assumption made about the followers' skills and motivation?
Leadership style
What is transformational leadership primarily concerned with?
Emotions, values, ethics, and long-term goals
According to servant leadership, what do leaders need to be attentive to, empathize with, and nurture?
The concerns of their followers
What is the focus of adaptive leadership when confronted with a technical or adaptive challenge?
The activities of the leader in relation to the work of the followers
In the context of human resource management, what does HRM stand for?
Human Resource Management
Which tool is recommended to improve time efficiency in managing fire fighters?
Delegation
What does CRM stand for in the context of reducing human error in high-risk activities?
Crew Resource Management
According to Gordon Dupont, what is one of the 'dirty dozen' human factors contributing to tragedy?
Complacency
'Active failures' and 'latent conditions' are identified as precursors to what in James Reason's model?
'Holes appearing in the layers of defense'
Test your knowledge of Blake and Mouton's behavioral models and the concept of situational leadership. Explore different leadership styles such as impoverished management, authority-compliance management, country club management, middle-of-the-road management, and team management. Challenge yourself to understand how situational leadership adapts to followers' varying skills and motivation over time.
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