Bitwise Operators in Programming

Questions and Answers

What is the effect of the right shift operator >> on a number?

It divides the number by 2 raised to the power of the number of bits shifted (correct)

It multiplies the number by 2 raised to the power of the number of bits shifted

It adds the number of bits shifted to the number

It subtracts the number of bits shifted from the number

What is the result of 212>>2 in binary?

11010100

10101010

00110101 (correct)

11101010

What happens when you left shift a number by 0 bits?

The number is multiplied by 2

The number remains unchanged (correct)

The number becomes 0

The number is divided by 2

What is the effect of the left shift operator << on a number?

It multiplies the number by 2 raised to the power of the number of bits shifted Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of 212<<2 in binary?

1101010000 Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you right shift a number by a large number of bits?

The number becomes 0 Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the bitwise OR operation of 12 and 25?

29 Signup and view all the answers

What is the binary representation of 25?

00011001 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the bitwise complement operator?

To change 1 to 0 and 0 to 1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the bitwise complement operation of 35?

-36 Signup and view all the answers

What is the 2's complement of 12?

-244 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 2's complement?

To represent negative numbers Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the bitwise OR operation of 12 and 25 in C programming?

29 Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the bitwise complement and 2's complement?

The bitwise complement is equal to the 2's complement Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of bitwise operators in C programming?

To perform bit-level operations Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the given program?

30 is greater Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of && operator in the given program?

To perform logical AND operation Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between logical operators and bitwise operators?

Logical operators are used for logical testing, while bitwise operators are used for bit-level operations Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the if-else if-else statement in the given program?

To compare three values Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit that performs mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division at the bit-level?

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Signup and view all the answers

What is the data storage unit in computers?

Bytes (8 bits) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the getchar() function at the end of the program?

To pause the program until a key is pressed Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bitwise Complement Operator

Bitwise complement of any number N is -(N+1)
Formula: 2's complement of ~~N = -(~~(~N)+1) = -(N+1)
Example: ~35 = -36 (instead of 220)

Bitwise XOR Operator

The result of bitwise XOR operator is 1 if the corresponding bits of two operands are opposite
Denoted by ^
Example: 12 ^ 25 = 21 (in decimal)

Bitwise Right & Left Shift Operators

Right Shift Operator:
- Shifts all bits towards right by certain number of specified bits
- Denoted by >>
- Example: 212 >> 2 = 00110101 (in binary)
Left Shift Operator:
- Shifts all bits towards left by certain number of specified bits
- Example: 12 = 00001100 (in binary)

Bitwise OR Operator

The result of bitwise OR operator is 1 if either of the corresponding bits of two operands is 1
Denoted by |
Example: 12 | 25 = 29 (in decimal)

Bitwise one's Complement Operator

Changes 1 to 0 and 0 to 1
Denoted by ~
Example: ~35 = 11011100 = 220 (in decimal)

Two's Complement

An operation on binary numbers
The 2's complement of a number is equal to the complement of that number plus 1
Examples:
- Decimal 0: 00000000 -> -0 (in decimal)
- Decimal 1: 00000001 -> -256 (in decimal)
- Decimal 12: 00001100 -> -244 (in decimal)
- Decimal 220: 11011100 -> -36 (in decimal)

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Description

This quiz covers the concepts of bitwise complement and XOR operators in programming. It explains how to calculate the bitwise complement of a number and provides examples in C programming language.