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Questions and Answers
What was the outcome of the three wars fought by Prussia over seven years?
What was the outcome of the three wars fought by Prussia over seven years?
- Caused the French monarchy to regain power
- Led to the unification of Germany under Prussia (correct)
- Resulted in the decline of the Prussian army
- Divided the German confederation into smaller states
Who was the architect of the unification process in Germany?
Who was the architect of the unification process in Germany?
- The Junkers of Prussia
- William I of Prussia
- The Prussian army generals
- Otto von Bismarck (correct)
What was the significance of the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles?
What was the significance of the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles?
- It was the residence of the Prussian king
- It was the site of the Franco-Prussian War
- It was the location where the German Empire was proclaimed (correct)
- It was a famous art gallery
Who was proclaimed German Emperor in 1871?
Who was proclaimed German Emperor in 1871?
What was the outcome of the liberal initiative to nation-building in 1848?
What was the outcome of the liberal initiative to nation-building in 1848?
What was the significance of the German Confederation?
What was the significance of the German Confederation?
What was the impact of the unification of Germany on the Prussian state power?
What was the impact of the unification of Germany on the Prussian state power?
What was the emphasis of the new German state?
What was the emphasis of the new German state?
What was the main obstacle to economic exchange and growth in pre-unified Germany?
What was the main obstacle to economic exchange and growth in pre-unified Germany?
What was the outcome of the customs union formed in 1834?
What was the outcome of the customs union formed in 1834?
What was the primary goal of the new commercial classes in pre-unified Germany?
What was the primary goal of the new commercial classes in pre-unified Germany?
What was the significance of the 'elle' unit of measurement in pre-unified Germany?
What was the significance of the 'elle' unit of measurement in pre-unified Germany?
What was the role of Prussia in the formation of the customs union in 1834?
What was the role of Prussia in the formation of the customs union in 1834?
What was the expected outcome of a free economic system in pre-unified Germany?
What was the expected outcome of a free economic system in pre-unified Germany?
What was the relationship between the customs union and the German states?
What was the relationship between the customs union and the German states?
What was the primary motivation behind the creation of the customs union?
What was the primary motivation behind the creation of the customs union?
Which of the following regions was NOT part of the Prussian Empire before 1866?
Which of the following regions was NOT part of the Prussian Empire before 1866?
What was the outcome of the Austro-Prussian War in 1866?
What was the outcome of the Austro-Prussian War in 1866?
Which of the following states was NOT part of the German Confederation formed in 1867?
Which of the following states was NOT part of the German Confederation formed in 1867?
What was the significance of the year 1871 in the context of German unification?
What was the significance of the year 1871 in the context of German unification?
Who was the chief commander of the Prussian army during the unification of Germany?
Who was the chief commander of the Prussian army during the unification of Germany?
What was the outcome of the Franco-Prussian War in 1871?
What was the outcome of the Franco-Prussian War in 1871?
Which of the following regions was part of the German Empire formed in 1871?
Which of the following regions was part of the German Empire formed in 1871?
Who was the artist who presented a monumental work to Bismarck on his 70th birthday in 1885?
Who was the artist who presented a monumental work to Bismarck on his 70th birthday in 1885?
What was the significance of the year 1866 in the context of German unification?
What was the significance of the year 1866 in the context of German unification?
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Austro-Prussian War in 1866?
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Austro-Prussian War in 1866?
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Study Notes
Unification of Germany
- The unification of Germany was led by Prussia and its chief minister Otto von Bismarck.
- The Prussian army and bureaucracy played a crucial role in the unification process.
- Three wars were fought over seven years against Austria, Denmark, and France, resulting in Prussian victories and completion of the unification process.
Proclamation of the German Empire
- On January 18, 1871, the Prussian king, William I, was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles.
- The ceremony was attended by princes of the German states, representatives of the army, and important Prussian ministers, including Otto von Bismarck.
- The new German Empire was headed by Kaiser William I of Prussia.
Economic Unification
- Before unification, economic exchange and growth were hindered by varying systems of measurement and multiple currencies (over 30) in different regions.
- In 1834, a customs union or zollverein was formed, abolishing tariff barriers and reducing the number of currencies to two.
- The customs union was initiated by Prussia and joined by most of the German states.
Nationalism in Germany
- Nationalist feelings were widespread among middle-class Germans who sought to unite the different regions of the German confederation into a nation-state governed by an elected parliament.
- The liberal initiative was repressed by the combined forces of the monarchy and the military, supported by large landowners (Junkers) of Prussia.
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