Bipolar Disorder Overview
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes Type I bipolar disorder?

  • Only depressive episodes
  • At least one full-blown manic episode (correct)
  • Hypomanic episodes without mania
  • No history of manic episodes

Which symptom is associated with manic episodes in bipolar disorder?

  • Low mood and worthlessness
  • Racing thoughts (correct)
  • Fatigue and insomnia
  • Appetite changes

What type of medications are considered classic choices for treating bipolar disorder?

  • Antidepressants
  • Mood stabilizers (correct)
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Stimulants

How is unipolar depression differentiated from bipolar depression?

<p>Unipolar depression shows no history of mania (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk for patients with bipolar disorder who abuse substances?

<p>Flipping between depression and mania (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is specifically indicated for treating acute mania?

<p>Valproate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for managing rapid cycling episodes?

<p>Atypical antipsychotics plus anticonvulsants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following side effects is associated with Lithium use?

<p>Cognitive impairment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common challenge associated with the use of Lithium as a mood stabilizer?

<p>Narrow therapeutic index (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anticonvulsant is known for being effective in depressive episodes?

<p>Lamotrigine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are atypical antipsychotics particularly effective for?

<p>Acute mania (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What risk is associated with the use of Valproic Acid?

<p>Hepatotoxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which benefit is associated with psychosocial treatments?

<p>Reduced relapse rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Bipolar Disorder

A mental health condition characterized by alternating periods of mania (high energy, elevated mood) and depression (low energy, sadness).

Mania

A state of heightened energy, mood, and activity, often accompanied by poor judgment and recklessness.

Depression (Bipolar)

A period of low mood, fatigue, and loss of interest, often accompanied by thoughts of sadness, worthlessness, and death.

Mood Stabilizers

Medications used to treat bipolar disorder by reducing the intensity and frequency of mood swings.

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Unipolar Depression

A mood disorder characterized by only depressive episodes, with no history of manic or hypomanic episodes.

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Lithium for Mania

Lithium is a mood stabilizer effective for acute manic and hypomanic episodes in 60-80% of cases. It's often used for treating bipolar disorder.

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Lithium Side Effects

Lithium can cause cognitive impairment, tremors, digestive issues, weight gain, and skin problems. It's important to monitor for these side effects.

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Lithium Toxicity

High lithium levels can be dangerous, leading to ataxia (loss of coordination), slurred speech, muscle rigidity, coma, and even death.

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Anticonvulsants for Bipolar

Anticonvulsants like carbamazepine, valproic acid, and lamotrigine are often used to treat bipolar disorder, especially for rapid cycling and mixed episodes.

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Atypical Antipsychotics for Bipolar

Atypical antipsychotics like olanzapine or risperidone are effective in treating acute mania, often in combination with other medications.

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Combination Therapy for Bipolar

Often, a combination of medications, such as lithium, anticonvulsants, and atypical antipsychotics, is needed to effectively manage bipolar disorder.

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Psychosocial Treatments for Bipolar

Psychotherapy, like family therapy, CBT, and psychoeducation, is essential for bipolar disorder. It helps with relapse prevention and social support.

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Future Therapies for Bipolar

Research is ongoing to develop new therapies for bipolar disorder, including serotonin receptor modulators and innovative anticonvulsants.

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