Biotechnology Product Development Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of amylase?

To break down starch to sugar (correct)

To break down lipids

To break down proteins

To synthesize glucose

In an ELISA, the purpose is to recognize an antigen and measure its volume.

False

What does rDNA stand for?

Recombinant DNA

The ______ assay utilizes antibody-antigen specificity to recognize specific molecules.

ELISA Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

Amylase = Enzyme that breaks down starch ELISA = Assay for detecting proteins Western blot = Technique to visualize proteins on a membrane Nutraceuticals = Herbal remedies with potential health benefits Signup and view all the answers

What indicates decreasing amounts of protein in the activity assay?

Lighter blue color Signup and view all the answers

Western blots can confirm the presence of proteins at high concentrations.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is a major concern regarding herbal dietary supplements?

Many are not approved by the FDA and their effectiveness is anecdotal. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a biotechnology product derived from animal sources?

Insulin from the pancreas of livestock Signup and view all the answers

The Comprehensive Product Development Plan (CPDP) includes steps such as estimating market size and checking for patent protection.

True Signup and view all the answers

What must researchers do with a substance chosen as a potential product?

Conduct assays to test for its presence, activity, and concentration. Signup and view all the answers

The foxglove plant is used to regulate __________.

irregular heartbeat Signup and view all the answers

Match the following steps in a Comprehensive Product Development Plan (CPDP) with their descriptions:

Estimating market size = Determining potential sales volume Identifying product sources = Finding raw material sources for production Conducting preliminary data analysis = Evaluating product feasibility Securing patent protection = Preventing competition in the market Signup and view all the answers

Which assay is primarily used to determine the presence and concentration of proteins?

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Signup and view all the answers

Antibiotic resistance is a significant issue in testing the effectiveness of antibiotics and antimicrobials.

True Signup and view all the answers

What role do CHO cells play in protein product development?

They are used as host cells for producing recombinant proteins. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Identifying a Potential Biotechnology Product

Biotechnology products are derived from plant and animal sources.
Extracting compounds from these sources presents challenges.
A Comprehensive Product Development Plan (CPDP) evaluates potential products:
- Market need and size are assessed.
- Data on product efficacy and patent protection is considered.
- Profitability and production costs are evaluated.
Preliminary data on a potential product's efficacy and the patentability of the product is crucial.
Product manufacturing feasibility and profitability are assessed.

Sources of Potential Products

Plant and animal organs have historically been used for various purposes.
Modern biotechnology uses plant and animal parts for new products.
- Pancreas from livestock is used to produce insulin.
- The foxglove plant regulates irregular heartbeats.

Harnessing the Potential of Natural Products

Some natural products are produced in small quantities.
Methods of increasing production of these products are needed.

The Use of Assays

Researchers assess potential products by evaluating their presence, activity, and concentration.
Assays are conducted throughout the development process to assess potency, toxicity, and stability.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)

ELISA is a crucial molecular assay.
It uniquely distinguishes a single protein from a complex mixture.
Antibody-antigen specificity and enzymatic reactions on colorimetric reagents help in visualization.
ELISAs are used to quantify antigens.

Western Blots

Protein bands on a PAGE gel are transferred to a membrane (PVDF or nitrocellulose).
Western blotting confirms the presence of specific proteins, even at low concentrations.

Looking for New Products in Nature

Herbal remedies, often from rainforests, represent a source of nutraceuticals:
- Food and plant-derived remedies may have pharmaceutical or nutritional benefits.
- Antimicrobial activity from herbal extracts is of current interest.
Herbal supplements' efficacy is often debated.
Many herbal supplements lack FDA approval and evidence of effectiveness is often anecdotal.

Recombinant DNA (rDNA) Protein Products

Recombinant DNA technology emerged in the mid-1970s.
Recombinant DNA is produced by combining DNA from different sources.

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Description

This quiz explores the essentials of identifying and developing potential biotechnology products derived from plant and animal sources. It covers the Comprehensive Product Development Plan (CPDP), evaluates market needs, and analyzes manufacturing feasibility and profitability. Additionally, it highlights the historical use of natural products in modern biotechnology applications.