Module 1 - Biotech
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Questions and Answers

The use of non-living organisms to make other products, or to improve animals or to develop microbes, is a simple definition of biotechnology.

False

Which of the following is a product made by biotechnology?

  • Penicillin (correct)
  • Bread
  • Cellphone
  • Cheese

    • Who among the following develops grafting techniques for plant breeding in 300 BC?

    Greeks

    Who among the scientists concluded in 1861 that all fermentations are the results of microbial activity?

    <p>Louis Pasteur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Technology means something that helps us.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A tree is not an organism.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Microorganisms can only be seen with a microscope.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The prefix 'micro' means very large.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Scientists made the greatest advances in biotechnology within the past 75 years.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Biotechnology cannot help us in meeting our basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, health and safety.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Biotechnology is a science that uses living things.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Biotechnology is a multi-disciplinary field.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Biotechnology is any technique that uses living organisms or substances from these organisms to make or modify a product.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Genetic Engineering is one of the known scope of Biotechnology.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Biotechnology?

    <p>science that uses living things to change other living things to make products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The word biotechnology can be broken into two parts: bio- is a prefix that means 'life' or 'living things'; technology refers to the use of specific knowledge to change or develop processes and items that benefit people.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do scientist commonly use instead of the word living things when describing biotechnology?

    <p>organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can agricultural biotechnology have a positive impact on the environment?

    <p>Watering crops with recycled irrigation systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a genetic engineering advancement directly related to a career in biotechnology?

    <p>Creating crop foods that resist insect pests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way is biotechnology useful to law enforcement agencies such as PNP or NBI?

    <p>It can help to identify who was present at the scene of a crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the oldest microbes that have been exploited by humans for their benefit in the ancient times?

    <p>Bacteria or yeast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Biotechnology is not new. It has been used for thousands of years for food and production and improvement of health.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are considered the founders of modern biotechnology?

    <p>Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist invented the smallpox vaccine?

    <p>Edward Jenner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the first human protein manufactured in a bacteria?

    <p>somatostatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1980 that genetically altered life forms can be patented.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The first genetically engineered product approved for use by diabetics was human insulin produced using E.coli bacteria.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

    <p>PCR is a technique that makes unlimited copies of genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Human Genome Project was funded by Congress.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to the genetically modified rice that provides beta-carotene?

    <p>Golden Rice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Flavr Savr' tomato was genetically engineered to resist rotting.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dolly the sheep was cloned from sheep cells.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The U.S. Supreme Court rules that naturally occurring genes cannot be patented.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the first targeted biological therapy of its kind to receive FDA approval?

    <p>Avastin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The human embryonic stem cell lines were established in 2000.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The SARS virus was sequenced three weeks after its discovery.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Japanese scientists create in 2008?

    <p>The first DNA molecule made almost entirely of artificial parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A trachea derived from stem cells was transplanted into a human recipient in 2011.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The FDA issued draft guidelines for biosimilar drugs in 2013.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In 2010, researchers at the J. Craig Venter Institute created the first synthetic cell.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    European scientists begin clinical trials for an anti-HIV biotech medicine produced using genetically modified tobacco.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known as the 'father of Philippine Orchidology?

    <p>Eduardo Quisumbing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two significant contributions made by Ramon C. Barba to the field of biotechnology?

    <p>Development of mango flower induction technology and Rapid propagation of tissue culture of sugar cane, rattan and banana.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who contributed significantly on rice research in the Philippines and is recognised as an authority on growing rice?

    <p>Benito S. Vergara</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What three scientists are considered to be the early pioneers of modern biotechnology?

    <p>Robert Hooke, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Theodore Schwann.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'one gene, one enzyme' hypothesis and who proposed this theory?

    <p>The 'one gene, one enzyme' hypothesis, proposed by George Beadle and Edward Tatum, suggests that each gene controls the production of a specific enzyme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Linus Pauling described sickle cell anemia calling it a molecular disease.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Max Delbruck organized a course to study a type of bacterial virus consisting of a protein-coat containing DNA.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Erwin Chargaff determined there is always a ratio of 1:1 adenine to thymine in DNA.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alfred Hershey and Margaret Chase used radioactive labelling to determine that it is the DNA, not protein which carries instructions in assembling new phages.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    James Watson and Francis Crick determined the double helix structure of DNA.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Frederick Sanger sequenced insulin (protein) from pork and bovine insulin.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arthur Kornberg discovered DNA polymerase.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Marshall Niroenberg and Severo Ochoa determined that a sequence of three nucleotide bases determine each of 20 amino acids.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Paul Berg, Stanley Cohen, and Herbert Boyer developed ways to cut and splice DNA using recombinant DNA techniques with restriction enzymes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer produced the first recombinant DNA organism, beginning of genetic engineering considered to be the birth of modern biotechnology.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    George Kohler and Cesar Milstein showed that fusing cells can generate monoclonal antibodies.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biotechnology Module 1

    • This module introduces the concept of biotechnology.
    • It explores the scope, definition, and history of biotechnology.
    • It discusses the various applications and uses of biotechnology, including its benefits and potential risks.
    • It highlights the importance of biotechnology in human life, agriculture, industry, and medicine, including poverty alleviation, and raising the standard of living globally, particularly in developing countries like the Philippines.
    • It covers important scientists and their notable discoveries within the field of biotechnology.
    • The module provides a timeline of critical events and advancements in biotechnology.
    • The module includes activities to help enhance learning comprehension and critical thinking.
    • It underscores the role of biotechnology in addressing current problems and improving the quality of life through various applications and useful products.
    • It covers the practical applications in health, food production, and environmental conservation.
    • The materials in the module are sourced from diverse perspectives and cater to different learning styles.

    Biotechnology: History of Biotechnology

    • Biotechnology is a process where raw materials are biologically improved into useful products.
    • This has advanced human life, and will continue in the future.

    What is Biotechnology

    • Biotechnology combines "bio" (life) and "technology" (practical application of knowledge) to emphasize practical use of living things for production.
    • Biotechnology uses living organisms or parts of them to create products for human benefit or changing them to be more useful.

    What I Need to Know

    • Define biotechnology
    • Trace the historical development of biotechnology
    • Describe and explain the contributions of Filipino and foreign biotechnologists to modern biotechnology.
    • Recognize the major scientists, their discoveries and modern contributions to biotechnology
    • Link discoveries with broader developments, how discoveries impact our lives.

    What I Know

    • Simple definition of biotechnology
    • Which are most closely related to biotechnology?
    • Which are products of biotechnology
    • Who developed grafting techniques in plant breeding?
    • Who concluded that all fermentation processes are caused by microbes?

    What's In

    • Review on prior knowledge on biotechnology
    • Example activity to connect previous knowledge with new concepts
    • Activity to review past lessons on biotechnology

    What's New

    • Introduction of new concepts of biotechnology
    • Activity to determine knowledge gaps
    • Explanation of new biotechnology related topics

    What is It

    • Deep dive into the concept of biotechnology with definitions, examples, and explanations
    • A brief discussion of concepts, skills, and discovery elements of biotechnology

    What's More

    • Independent practice activities to solidify understanding
    • Exercises to practice skills
    • Answers may be found towards the end of the book

    What I Have Learned

    • Summary of the lesson
    • Questions or blank sentences/paragraphs for the learners to fill in to express their understanding.

    What I Can Do

    • Application of knowledge and skills in real-world situations
    • Activities to apply learned knowledge

    Assessment

    • Multiple-choice questions to evaluate student understanding
    • Evaluation activities to assess comprehension and mastery of the knowledge

    Additional Activities

    • Enrich learning and skill retention activities related to the lesson

    Answer Key

    • Solutions for all activities, and exercises, in the module.

    References

    • List of all external sources for the biotechnology module research.

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    Biotechnology: Grade 8 Past Paper PDF

    Description

    Def. and Scope of Biotech, History of Biotech, Filipino and Foreign Biotechnologist

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