Biotechnology in Food Industry

<p>Rota meter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To disrupt vortices and improve mixing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An organism that can grow under certain conditions but does not require them. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minimum, optimum, and maximum growth temperature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inactivation of enzymes at elevated temperatures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen forms toxic reactive oxidizing agents that can damage cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fresh media is added continuously or periodically. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermotolerant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'-phile' describes conditions where growth is possible, while 'tolerant' refers to survival in unfavorable conditions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bio-reactor, Biocatalyst, and Raw Materials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermophilic bacteria require elevated temperatures for growth, while thermotolerant bacteria can survive those conditions but grow at lower temperatures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facultative anaerobes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microaerophiles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemically defined media (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C, N, and S (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A simple type of fermenter where the fermentation process fills, runs, empties, and then repeats the process.

A fermenter where fresh media is consistently added, and culture fluid is continuously removed.

A stirrer in a fermenter that prevents cell settling and distributes oxygen.

Introduces sterile oxygen to the aerobic fermentation media.

Large fermenters can handle more growth in a shorter time.

Obligate organisms require a specific condition for growth, while facultative organisms can grow under that condition but don't require it.

A microbe that can grow in both elevated and lower temperatures, but doesn't require high temperatures like an obligate thermophile.

Three key temperatures that define the growth range of a microbial species: minimum, optimum, and maximum.

The temperature at which a microbial species grows best.

A microbe that cannot grow in the presence of oxygen and is killed by it.

A reactor where fresh media is continuously or periodically added, making it the most common type in industry.

A representation with three sides: Bioreactor, Biocatalyst, and Purification, where the material surface represents the integration of all factors for a successful fermentation process.

Growth refers to biomass acquisition leading to cell division. While organisms can survive in certain conditions, 'phile' indicates growth while 'tolerant' indicates survival but not growth.

A thermophile grows optimally at high temperatures, while a thermotolerant organism can survive but grows best at lower temperatures.

Organisms that require oxygen for survival and growth. They use oxygen as the final electron acceptor during aerobic respiration.

Organisms that can thrive in both the presence and absence of oxygen. They prefer oxygen for aerobic respiration but can switch to anaerobic respiration or fermentation when oxygen is unavailable.

Organisms that don't use oxygen for growth, but can tolerate its presence. They have enzymes to detoxify harmful oxygen byproducts.

Organisms that require low oxygen levels for growth. High oxygen concentrations can be toxic.

Essential organic compounds that a microbe can't synthesize on its own. Examples include amino acids for protein synthesis and purines/pyrimidines for nucleic acid synthesis.