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Questions and Answers
What type of skills are highly sought after in the workforce, according to the content?
What type of skills are highly sought after in the workforce, according to the content?
Laboratory and research skills
Students will develop a protocol for utilizing DNA ___________ in a common agricultural application.
Students will develop a protocol for utilizing DNA ___________ in a common agricultural application.
fingerprinting
Which of the following is a primary function of proteins within cells?
Which of the following is a primary function of proteins within cells?
- Regulating gene expression
- Forming the cell membrane
- Carrying out most of the cell's work (correct)
- Storing genetic information
All DNA segments code for a protein.
All DNA segments code for a protein.
What molecule within a cell carries genetic information?
What molecule within a cell carries genetic information?
Each chromosome consists of a single very long _____ molecule.
Each chromosome consists of a single very long _____ molecule.
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
What does the comparison of DNA sequences between different species provide evidence for?
What does the comparison of DNA sequences between different species provide evidence for?
All cells in an organism express the same genes.
All cells in an organism express the same genes.
Which activity involves students working in pairs to complete a specific part of the experiment?
Which activity involves students working in pairs to complete a specific part of the experiment?
The teacher will provide students with a copy of the 'Guide to Assessing Problems' for Lesson 2.1.
The teacher will provide students with a copy of the 'Guide to Assessing Problems' for Lesson 2.1.
What is the problem that students work in pairs to solve?
What is the problem that students work in pairs to solve?
The teacher assesses student methods and procedures using the ______ .
The teacher assesses student methods and procedures using the ______ .
Which of the following is submitted for grading by students?
Which of the following is submitted for grading by students?
Match the following items with their primary purpose:
Match the following items with their primary purpose:
Which chapter of the text are the students assigned to read after day 13?
Which chapter of the text are the students assigned to read after day 13?
The students read material from the textbook, Biotechnology: A Laboratory Skills Course, in preparation for the ______ lesson.
The students read material from the textbook, Biotechnology: A Laboratory Skills Course, in preparation for the ______ lesson.
Flashcards
Genetic Information
Genetic Information
The set of instructions within a cell that determine an organism's traits and functions, passed down from parent to offspring.
Gene
Gene
A specific segment of DNA that holds the instructions for creating a particular protein.
Proteins
Proteins
These molecules are like the 'workers' in cells, carrying out many essential functions.
Gene Regulation
Gene Regulation
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DNA
DNA
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DNA Sequence Variation
DNA Sequence Variation
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Evolution
Evolution
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Biotechnology
Biotechnology
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DNA Extraction
DNA Extraction
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Restriction Enzymes
Restriction Enzymes
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DNA Fingerprinting
DNA Fingerprinting
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Agricultural Research
Agricultural Research
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Agricultural Issues Forum
Agricultural Issues Forum
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What is Lambda DNA?
What is Lambda DNA?
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What is gel electrophoresis?
What is gel electrophoresis?
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How does gel electrophoresis work?
How does gel electrophoresis work?
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What are restriction enzymes?
What are restriction enzymes?
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What is biotechnology?
What is biotechnology?
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What is a protocol?
What is a protocol?
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What is a Guide to Assessing Problems?
What is a Guide to Assessing Problems?
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What is the scientific method?
What is the scientific method?
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Study Notes
Lesson 2.1: Diving into DNA
- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a target of many biotechnological applications
- DNA is extracted from cells using household chemicals to break down cell membranes
- Extracted DNA can be used in forensic analysis
- Students will write procedures to extract DNA, prepare agarose gels for electrophoresis, observe dye migration, digest lambda DNA with restriction enzymes, and solve a crime using these techniques
Concepts
- DNA is extracted from cellular matter for study
- Restriction enzymes cut DNA to compare organisms, isolate/transfer genes, and genetically modify organisms
- DNA profiles are created using fragments produced by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
Performance Objectives
- Write an experiment to extract DNA from kiwi fruit
- Extract DNA from kiwi fruit using given procedures
- Mix solutions and pour gel trays to prepare agarose gels
- Conduct gel electrophoresis to observe dye and extracted DNA migration
- Demonstrate the action of restriction enzymes using paper DNA strands
- Digest a DNA sample using restriction enzymes and conduct gel electrophoresis to analyze the results
- Solve a problem determining the culprit of a crime using restriction enzymes and gel electrophoresis
Day-to-Day Plans
- Day 1-3: Introduce concepts, performance objectives, key terms, and essential questions
- Day 4: Review reading, facilitate class discussion, introduce project 2.1.1 DNA extraction protocol, and student pair work
- Day 5: Complete project 2.1.1, assess using evaluation rubric
- Day 6: Complete Activity 2.1.3 Electrophoresis Currents
- Day 7: Complete activity 2.1.4 Cutting Up DNA, introduce activity 2.1.5 Dicing Lambda DNA, pre-lab research for Activity 2.1.5
- Day 8-9: Complete Activity 2.1.5 Dicing Lambda DNA
- Day 10-12: Complete problem 2.1.6 The Chewed Shoe, in pairs
- Day 13: Assess student methods and procedures for Problem 2.1.6 using a guide, complete check for understanding, and submit completed work for grading
Key Terms
- Agarose
- Bacteriophage
- Buffer
- Cell biology
- Chemistry
- DNA size standard
- EDTA
- Electrophoresis
- Electrode
- Extract
- Lambda DNA
- Lysis
- Protocol
- RFLP
- Sample loading buffer
- Restriction enzyme
- TAE buffer
- TE buffer
- Tris
Essential Questions
- How is DNA extracted from a cell?
- Why does DNA need to be extracted from a cell?
- How is agarose different from agar?
- How do I prepare a 1x solution from a 50x solution?
- Why is a comb necessary in the gel tray?
- Why is a Tris/acetic acid/EDTA buffer used in electrophoresis instead of water?
- How does gel electrophoresis work?
- What color dye moves the furthest during electrophoresis?
- How can you predict where a restriction enzyme will cut DNA?
- How many times can a restriction enzyme cut a strand of DNA?
- What is a lambda bacteria phage?
- How is Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism used in biotechnology?
- What are applications of gel electrophoresis?
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