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Questions and Answers
What is the practical application of biological concepts used to solve particular problems?
What is the practical application of biological concepts used to solve particular problems?
Biotechnology
What is used to create products such as different kinds of food products and medicines?
What is used to create products such as different kinds of food products and medicines?
Microorganism
What is one way to solve crime?
What is one way to solve crime?
Genetic fingerprinting
What is the process involving manipulating DNA for potential treatment of certain diseases, usually done by replacing the defective gene with a normal gene?
What is the process involving manipulating DNA for potential treatment of certain diseases, usually done by replacing the defective gene with a normal gene?
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What is a laboratory machine used to assemble short DNA sequences?
What is a laboratory machine used to assemble short DNA sequences?
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What is the process of combining the gene of one organism with the DNA of another organism, often using enzymes?
What is the process of combining the gene of one organism with the DNA of another organism, often using enzymes?
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What is present in the gene and defines many characteristics in the body, leading to an understanding of "Blueprints" of a person?
What is present in the gene and defines many characteristics in the body, leading to an understanding of "Blueprints" of a person?
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What is the process of change in the characteristics of an organism over time?
What is the process of change in the characteristics of an organism over time?
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What are the remains of an organism?
What are the remains of an organism?
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What is the process in which minerals in the groundwater are absorbed by the tissue of a dead organism, causing the organism to harden as rock?
What is the process in which minerals in the groundwater are absorbed by the tissue of a dead organism, causing the organism to harden as rock?
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What species lived 50,000 to 67,000 years ago, found in Callao cave in Cagayan Valley, based on fossils similar to those of modern humans?
What species lived 50,000 to 67,000 years ago, found in Callao cave in Cagayan Valley, based on fossils similar to those of modern humans?
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What is a scientist who studies fossils?
What is a scientist who studies fossils?
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What is the process of identifying different organisms in various locations using fossil records?
What is the process of identifying different organisms in various locations using fossil records?
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What compares body structures of different organisms?
What compares body structures of different organisms?
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What shows similarities in the body structure of different organisms?
What shows similarities in the body structure of different organisms?
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What are parts of an organism that have been reduced in size significantly over time?
What are parts of an organism that have been reduced in size significantly over time?
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What refers to closely related organisms that are similar, especially among those with backbones?
What refers to closely related organisms that are similar, especially among those with backbones?
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What are present on the sides of the throat of some organisms during their embryonic stage?
What are present on the sides of the throat of some organisms during their embryonic stage?
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What is the study of molecular basis of gene expression, used as evidence for evolution, often utilizing the process of molecular biology?
What is the study of molecular basis of gene expression, used as evidence for evolution, often utilizing the process of molecular biology?
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What is the process of comparing proteins by determining the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide?
What is the process of comparing proteins by determining the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide?
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What is the concept of a molecular clock, introduced by Linus Pauling and Emile Zuckerlandl in the 1960s?
What is the concept of a molecular clock, introduced by Linus Pauling and Emile Zuckerlandl in the 1960s?
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What predicts that the human population will grow faster than the amount of space and food available for survival?
What predicts that the human population will grow faster than the amount of space and food available for survival?
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Who is known for "Theory of the inheritance of acquired traits"?
Who is known for "Theory of the inheritance of acquired traits"?
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The theory of "Survival of the fittest" is associated with Jean Baptiste Lamarck.
The theory of "Survival of the fittest" is associated with Jean Baptiste Lamarck.
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What theory suggests that organisms tend to change to survive, can modify their existing body parts by using them (Use and Disuse), and can pass on modified traits from one generation to the next (Inheritance of acquired traits)?
What theory suggests that organisms tend to change to survive, can modify their existing body parts by using them (Use and Disuse), and can pass on modified traits from one generation to the next (Inheritance of acquired traits)?
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What is the idea that organisms evolved from a common ancestor?
What is the idea that organisms evolved from a common ancestor?
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Who came up with the theory of extinction based on fossils and the explanation of mass extinction?
Who came up with the theory of extinction based on fossils and the explanation of mass extinction?
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Who coined the term "Homology", defining it as a comparison of different animals having the same organs but with different forms and functions?
Who coined the term "Homology", defining it as a comparison of different animals having the same organs but with different forms and functions?
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Study Notes
Biotechnology
- Practical application of biological concepts to solve problems
- Uses microorganisms, cells, and organelles
Microorganisms
- Used to create food products and medicines
Genetic Fingerprinting
- Alec Jeffreys identified DNA fingerprints for criminal investigations
Gene Therapy
- Manipulating DNA to potentially treat diseases
DNA Synthesizer
- Laboratory machine to assemble short DNA sequences
Recombinant DNA
- Combining genes from one organism with another's DNA
- Uses enzymes
DNA Sequences
- Define characteristics in organisms
- Project started in 1990 by James Watson
Evolution
- Changes in organism characteristics over time
Fossil Records
- Remains of organisms
- Petrification: minerals absorbing tissues, forming rock
Homo Luzonensis
- Lived 50,000-67,000 years ago
- Fossils similar to modern humans
- Found in Callao Cave
Paleontologist
- Scientists who study fossils
Biogeography
- Geographic distribution of organisms
- Comparing organisms in different locations
Anatomical Evidence
- Comparing body structures of organisms
Homologous Evidence
- Similarities in body structure of different organisms
Vestigial Organs
- Reduced in size over time
Embryological Evidence
- Similar embryonic development in related organisms
Molecular Evidence
- Molecular Biology used to study gene expression for evolution
Amino Acid Sequencing
- Comparing proteins' amino acid sequences
Charles Darwin
- Proposed the theory of natural selection in On the Origin of Species (1859)
- Struggle for existence due to population increasing and resource shortages
- Survival of the fittest
Alfred Wallace
- Proposed theory of common descent
Georges Cuvier
- Proposed extinction theory based on fossils
- Catastrophism theory explains mass extinction
Richard Owen
- Coined the term homology
- Different animals having same organs but different forms and functions
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Description
This quiz explores key concepts in biotechnology, including genetic fingerprinting, gene therapy, and the practical application of microorganisms. It also covers the significance of fossil records and biogeography in understanding evolution. Test your knowledge of these fundamental topics in the field of biology.
