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Questions and Answers
"the earliest name should be used". Law of ...
"the earliest name should be used". Law of ...
- priority (correct)
- stability
- homonymy
- nomenculture
"One particular name can be used only for one taxon". It means...
"One particular name can be used only for one taxon". It means...
- homonymy
- no homonymy (correct)
- nomenculture
- stability
What is not the right order?
What is not the right order?
- Species-genus-family (correct)
- Genus-species-family
- Genus-family-order
- Order-class-subphylum
"Binomial system" is based on ...
"Binomial system" is based on ...
Classification of organisms on the basis of their overall similarity is ...
Classification of organisms on the basis of their overall similarity is ...
Whittaker recommended ... kingdoms
Whittaker recommended ... kingdoms
The modern science of classification is called
The modern science of classification is called
Which is not taxonomic category?
Which is not taxonomic category?
Which order does the genus Trypanosoma belong to?
Which order does the genus Trypanosoma belong to?
Which order does the genus Leishmania belong to?
Which order does the genus Leishmania belong to?
Which order does the genus Giardia belong to?
Which order does the genus Giardia belong to?
Which does not have a cyst?
Which does not have a cyst?
Which has a cyst?
Which has a cyst?
Which is the most important genus of the coccidia without cyst formation?
Which is the most important genus of the coccidia without cyst formation?
Which genus belongs to cystogenic coccidia?
Which genus belongs to cystogenic coccidia?
Which is the most important genus of protoplasms?
Which is the most important genus of protoplasms?
Which develops the most closely related to cnidarians?
Which develops the most closely related to cnidarians?
In which class is the medusa stage absent?
In which class is the medusa stage absent?
In which class is the polyp stage sometimes absent?
In which class is the polyp stage sometimes absent?
In which class is the budding of the polyp stage terminal?
In which class is the budding of the polyp stage terminal?
What is the approximate number of species in lateral platyhelminthes?
What is the approximate number of species in lateral platyhelminthes?
Which category do flatworms belong to?
Which category do flatworms belong to?
What kind of gut do cestodes have?
What kind of gut do cestodes have?
Where does coracocium develop?
Where does coracocium develop?
In which category is the six-hooked oncosphere the first stage larva?
In which category is the six-hooked oncosphere the first stage larva?
How many ovaries does an adult Taenia usually have?
How many ovaries does an adult Taenia usually have?
In which class is there pseudocoelome (primary, false body cavity)?
In which class is there pseudocoelome (primary, false body cavity)?
Males of which group have always copulatory bursa?
Males of which group have always copulatory bursa?
Approx. how many described species do nematodes have?
Approx. how many described species do nematodes have?
What is the approx. number of nematodes significant from the veterinary point of view?
What is the approx. number of nematodes significant from the veterinary point of view?
Into which category does the largest species of the following groups belong to?
Into which category does the largest species of the following groups belong to?
What can be found in the buccal capsule of nematodes?
What can be found in the buccal capsule of nematodes?
Where does Lumbricus terrestris belongs to?
Where does Lumbricus terrestris belongs to?
What is the characteristic of Lumbricus terrestris?
What is the characteristic of Lumbricus terrestris?
What kind of feeding apparatus may leeches have?
What kind of feeding apparatus may leeches have?
In which categories can the absence of shell be observed?
In which categories can the absence of shell be observed?
Where does the probably most intelligent invertebrate belong to?
Where does the probably most intelligent invertebrate belong to?
Where do sac animals (sea-squirts) belong?
Where do sac animals (sea-squirts) belong?
What is the characteristic of phylum Hemichordata?
What is the characteristic of phylum Hemichordata?
Where do hagfish belong?
Where do hagfish belong?
Where do lampreys belong?
Where do lampreys belong?
Which fin can be regarded as a limb (extremity)?
Which fin can be regarded as a limb (extremity)?
Which is the most ancient type of scales (characteristic of Chondrichthyes)?
Which is the most ancient type of scales (characteristic of Chondrichthyes)?
What kind of body covering do actinopterygians have?
What kind of body covering do actinopterygians have?
Which is more ancient type of scales (characteristic of Chondrichthyes?
Which is more ancient type of scales (characteristic of Chondrichthyes?
Flashcards
Taxonomy
Taxonomy
The science of classifying organisms based on their characteristics and relationships.
Binomial Nomenclature
Binomial Nomenclature
A system for naming organisms using two words: the genus name (first, capitalized) and the species name (second, lowercase).
Taxonomic Rank
Taxonomic Rank
The hierarchical levels of classification, from broadest to most specific: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
Phylogenetic Relationships
Phylogenetic Relationships
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Morphology
Morphology
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Physiology
Physiology
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Development
Development
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Anatomy
Anatomy
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Reproduction
Reproduction
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Feeding
Feeding
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Body Structures
Body Structures
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Ecological Roles
Ecological Roles
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Taxon
Taxon
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Scientific Name
Scientific Name
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Law of Priority
Law of Priority
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Homonymia
Homonymia
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Stable Taxon
Stable Taxon
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Flatworms
Flatworms
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Cestodes
Cestodes
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Trematodes
Trematodes
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Original Name
Original Name
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Ambiguous Name
Ambiguous Name
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Restricted Name
Restricted Name
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Revised Name
Revised Name
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Taxonomic Nomenclature
Taxonomic Nomenclature
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Phylogeny
Phylogeny
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Priority Principle
Priority Principle
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Vertebrate
Vertebrate
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Invertebrate
Invertebrate
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Clade
Clade
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Phylogenetic Tree
Phylogenetic Tree
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Study Notes
Correct Taxonomic Names and Order
- The earliest name should be used.
- One particular name can be used only for one taxon.
- "Binomial system" is based on classification of organisms based on their overall similarity.
- Whittaker recommended kingdoms.
- Geographical isolation; species showing morphological differences, but capable of gene exchange.
- Modern science of classification is called biosystematics.
Taxonomic Categories
- A category that is not a taxonomic category is muscidae nomenclature stability.
- Example of taxonomic categories: Order, class, subphylum in one name. Species-genus-family order in three names.
- Phenetics & cladistics are methods of classification
- 5 subspecies & 4 biospecies under phenetics
- Evolutionary cladistics is a type of classification
- 3 genetic species & 2 sibling species under evolutionary cladistics
- 2 names (genus-species-family) and 3 names (genus-family-order).
Classification of Organisms
- Trypanosoma: a genus in a specific order.
- Leishmania: a genus in a specific order.
- Giardia: a genus of organisms in a particular order.
- Emeria: does not belong to a genus known to have cysts.
- Organisms with cysts include Plasmodium, Babesia, and Toxoplasma.
- Myxozoa in phylum Porifera
- Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa & Anthozoa in phylum Cnidaria
- Phylum Platyhelminthes has an estimated 25,000 species.
- Flatworms belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes.
Gut Type of Certain Groups
- Cestodes: have no gut.
- Trematodes: have a two-branched gut.
Larval Development and Body Cavity
- Coracicium develops in certain groups.
- Six-hooked oncosphere is a stage larva.
- Taenia has multiple ovaries in adult stage.
- Pseudocoelomates: characterized by a primary body cavity
- Copulatory bursa is a unique characteristic of certain male groups.
Species Count and Significance of Nematodes
- Approximately 20,000 described nematode species.
- An estimated 200,000 species may be significant from the veterinary point of view.
Specific Features of Nematodes
- Nematode buccal capsule may contain teeth and other structures.
- Lumbricus terrestris, a terrestrial species, has certain characteristics.
Other Features of Different Phyla
- Leeches may have a feeding apparatus.
- Features of Cephalopoda include piercing snouts.
- Scaphopoda include bivalves.
- Features of gastropods include citinous jaws.
- Features of prochordates include stomochord.
- Chordates have a notochord, an essential feature.
- Acrania, Myxini, Agnatha, and Cyclostomata are categories related to vertebrates.
- Vertebrata includes gnathostomata/cyclostomata & vertebrates.
Body Covering Features
- Actinopterygians have various types of body covering.
- Chondrichthyes have cosmoid scales as a characteristic.
- Pelvic and caudal fins, and body covering (e.g., scales) are features of some vertebrates.
- Fin types serve specific functions (e.g., as limbs).
Feeding Mechanisms
- Leeches have a diverse feeding apparatus.
- Cephalopoda have piercing snouts.
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