Biostatistics Chapter 1: Introduction to Biostatistics

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What is the primary focus of biostatistics?

Analysis of data from physical sciences
Use of statistical concepts in biological sciences and medicine (correct)
Application of statistical tools in social sciences
Study of economic data and trends

What type of variable is 'gender'?

Qualitative variable (correct)
Discrete random variable
Quantitative variable
Continuous random variable

What is the characteristic of a discrete random variable?

It can assume any numerical value over an interval
It is characterized by gaps or interruptions in the values it can assume (correct)
It can be exactly predicted in advance
It is a qualitative variable

What is the role of an independent variable in an experiment?

It can be controlled and has a direct effect on the dependent variable (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the raw materials of statistics?

Data (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a variable that cannot be exactly predicted in advance?

Random variable (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the independent variable in an experiment to determine the amount of sunlight needed for the growth of a specific plant?

The amount of sunlight exposed to the plant (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a ratio level measurement?

It has a true zero (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a population and a sample?

A population is the entirety of the group, while a sample is a subset of the population (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the level of measurement that describes ranking or order, but the difference or ratio between two rankings may not always be the same?

Ordinal Level (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of statistical inference?

To reach a conclusion about a population (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of the interval level of measurement?

It has no true zero (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a simple random sample?

A sample of size n drawn from a population of size N (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a research study?

A scientific study of a phenomenon of interest (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of measurement in the context of research?

The assignment of numbers to objects or events according to a set of rules (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between an experiment and a research study?

Experiments involve manipulations of conditions, research studies do not (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the level of measurement that has the same properties as the interval level, but also has a true zero?

Ratio Level (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is stratified random sampling?

A type of probability method that divides the population into homogenous groups (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the scientific method?

To provide an accurate representation of observable phenomena (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an observation in the context of the scientific method?

A phenomenon or a group of phenomena (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of designing an experiment in the scientific method?

To test a statistical hypothesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does precision refer to in the context of the scientific method?

The consistency of a measurement (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the scientific method?

A conclusion drawn from collected data with some degree of confidence (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between reliability and precision?

Reliability is sometimes used to mean precision (D) Signup and view all the answers