Bioprocess Engineering in Biotechnology
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Questions and Answers

What is the basic unit of life?

  • Tissue
  • Cell (correct)
  • Organ
  • Organism

What are the collective processes involving nutrient consumption, cell growth, and product synthesis called?

  • Reproductive processes
  • Digestive processes
  • Synthetic processes
  • Metabolic processes (correct)

Which type of cells do not contain a membrane-enclosed nucleus?

  • Plant cells
  • Eukaryotic cells
  • Procaryotic cells (correct)
  • Animal cells

What term is used for the industrial-scale production of useful products by harnessing metabolic processes?

<p>Biochemical engineering (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes in terms of cellular structures?

<p>Presence of membrane-enclosed nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are traditionally the main focus of biochemical engineering?

<p>Microbial cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of bacteria classified as 'cocci'?

<p>Spherical or ovoid shaped (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of bacteria can survive temperatures between 7 to 45 oC?

<p>Mesophilic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of microaerophilic bacteria?

<p>Survives in minute amounts of oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can peritrichous flagella be located on a bacterial cell?

<p>Anywhere in the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are spores in bacteria known for?

<p>Withstanding extreme conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates pili/fimbrae from flagella in bacteria?

<p>Length (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which major class of enzymes is responsible for Functional group transfer?

<p>Transferases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main requirement for successful application of biotechnology?

<p>Integration of scientific disciplines and technologies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction do Oxidoreductases catalyze?

<p>Oxidation-reduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area of biotechnology is highlighted as important for its commercialization?

<p>Bioprocess Engineering (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme class is involved in the removal of a group, leaving a double bond?

<p>Hydrolases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Isomerases?

<p>Isomerization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some roles of a biochemical engineer in the commercial realization of biotechnology?

<p>Scale-up, design, operation and control of bioreactors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tools are commonly used in biochemical engineering?

<p>Quantitative models and approaches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In enzyme classification, which class is mainly involved in the addition of a group to a double bond to form a new double bond or ring structure?

<p>Ligases (synthetases) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes biological systems amenable to engineering analysis according to the text?

<p>They obey the laws of chemistry and physics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an enzyme is involved in the joining of two molecules coupled with the cleavage of a pyrophosphate bond, to which major class does it belong?

<p>Ligases (synthetases) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which aspect of bioprocessing is substantial engineering input essential?

<p>Design and optimal operation of bioreactors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Km represent in the Briggs and Haldane approach?

<p>The product-releasing step (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario will Km and K20 be the same in the Briggs and Haldane approach?

<p>When the product-releasing step is slower (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in uncompetitive inhibition?

<p>The inhibitor does not bind to the enzyme-substrate complex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does substrate inhibition have on enzyme activity?

<p>Decreases activity at low substrate concentrations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between vmax app and Km, app in enzyme kinetics?

<p>vmax app and Km, app are inversely related (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an enzyme-substrate complex in uncompetitive inhibition?

<p>Formation of a stable complex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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