Biomolecules and Polymers Quiz

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What is a dimer?

A molecule formed by two linked monomers (correct)

A natural polymer found in plants

A type of synthetic polymer

A polymer formed by many monomers

Synthetic polymers are produced by natural chemical processes.

False

What are the four types of biomolecules?

lipids, polysaccharides, proteins, polynucleotides

Natural polymers are also known as _ or _ because they are synthesized in living organisms.

biomolecules, biopolymers Signup and view all the answers

Match the following biomolecules with their primary role:

Lipids = Energy storage and cell membrane structure Polysaccharides = Energy source and structural support Proteins = Catalysts for biochemical reactions Polynucleotides = Storage and transfer of genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What type of protein is primarily involved in muscle contraction?

Contractile Proteins Signup and view all the answers

Enzymes are responsible for storing molecules in the body.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one example of a structural protein.

keratin Signup and view all the answers

The ________ proteins regulate bodily functions through hormonal messages.

hormonal Signup and view all the answers

Match the following proteins with their functions:

Hemoglobin = Transport oxygen in red blood cells Collagen = Support and strength in connective tissues Insulin = Regulator of glucose metabolism Ferritin = Storage of iron Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about polysaccharides is true?

Polysaccharides are made up of at least ten monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. Signup and view all the answers

Amylopectin is an unbranched chain of glucose units.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of polysaccharides that compose starch?

Amylose and amylopectin Signup and view all the answers

__________ is the primary energy source for our cells.

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sugars with their sources:

Glucose = Primary energy source for cells Fructose = Found in sweet fruits Lactose = Found in milk and dairy products Sucrose = Table sugar composed of fructose and glucose Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond typically forms the secondary structures in proteins?

Hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

The primary structure of a protein refers to its three-dimensional shape.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is denaturation in the context of proteins?

Denaturation is the process where external factors like temperature and pH disrupt the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures, causing the protein to lose its biological activity. Signup and view all the answers

The ____ structure is formed by the combination of two or more tertiary structures.

quaternary Signup and view all the answers

Match the following levels of protein structure with their descriptions:

Primary Structure = Sequence of amino acids Secondary Structure = Formed by hydrogen bonds Tertiary Structure = Three-dimensional shape of a protein Quaternary Structure = Combination of multiple subunits Signup and view all the answers

Which monosaccharide is NOT one of the most important?

Xylose Signup and view all the answers

Disaccharides are formed through a condensation reaction that involves adding water.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for monosaccharides?

Cx(H2O)y or (CH2O)n Signup and view all the answers

The disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose is known as _____

sucrose Signup and view all the answers

Match the following disaccharides with their monosaccharide components:

Maltose = Glucose + Galactose Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose Lactose = Glucose + Galactose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are types of slow-releasing sugars?

Glycogen Signup and view all the answers

Glycogen is primarily stored in plant cells.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Energy reserve Signup and view all the answers

The two main types of slow-releasing sugars are and .

starch, glycogen Signup and view all the answers

Match the following amino acids with their corresponding codes:

Alanine = Ala Cysteine = Cys Lysine = Lys Serine = Ser Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a group of lipids?

Nucleotides Signup and view all the answers

Saturated fatty acids contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates the breakdown of glycogen to glucose?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for glycerol?

C3H8O3 Signup and view all the answers

A dipeptide consists of one amino acid linked to another.

True Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structural components of an amino acid.

An amino acid consists of a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a side chain (R group). Signup and view all the answers

Steroids share a common structure known as the _____.

steroid nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Match the following lipid types with their characteristics:

Triglycerides = Energy storage molecules Phospholipids = Form cell membranes Steroids = Hormonal functions and membrane structure Saturated fatty acids = Contain only single bonds between carbon atoms Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of phospholipids in cells?

Building cell membranes Signup and view all the answers

Cholesterol is synthesized in the liver and is a precursor to most steroid hormones in the human body.

True Signup and view all the answers

Name two examples of sex hormones.

Progesterone and Estrogen Signup and view all the answers

Cortisol is considered the ________ hormone and helps in breaking down proteins into amino acids.

stress Signup and view all the answers

Match the following steroid hormones with their functions:

Testosterone = Development of male secondary sexual characteristics Estrogen = Regulation of female reproductive functions Cortisol = Regulation of metabolism and response to stress Progesterone = Preparation of the uterus for pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What component is NOT a part of triglycerides?

Phosphate group Signup and view all the answers

Triglycerides are always solid at room temperature.

False Signup and view all the answers

What type of lipid is primarily found in cell membranes?

Phospholipids Signup and view all the answers

Phospholipids are formed through __________ synthesis.

dehydration Signup and view all the answers

Match the following features with their corresponding type of lipid:

Triglycerides = Energy storage and insulation Phospholipids = Structural components of cell membranes Oils = Primarily unsaturated fatty acids Fats = Primarily saturated fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between oils and fats?

State at room temperature Signup and view all the answers

The fatty acid tails of phospholipids are hydrophilic.

False Signup and view all the answers

What role do triglycerides serve in organisms?

Energy storage, insulation, organ protection Signup and view all the answers

Biomolecules and Polymers Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a dimer?

Synthetic polymers are produced by natural chemical processes.

What are the four types of biomolecules?

Natural polymers are also known as _____ or _____ because they are synthesized in living organisms.

Match the following biomolecules with their primary role:

What type of protein is primarily involved in muscle contraction?

Enzymes are responsible for storing molecules in the body.

Name one example of a structural protein.

The ________ proteins regulate bodily functions through hormonal messages.

Match the following proteins with their functions:

Which of the following statements about polysaccharides is true?

Amylopectin is an unbranched chain of glucose units.

What are the two types of polysaccharides that compose starch?

__________ is the primary energy source for our cells.

Match the following sugars with their sources:

What type of bond typically forms the secondary structures in proteins?

The primary structure of a protein refers to its three-dimensional shape.

What is denaturation in the context of proteins?

The ____ structure is formed by the combination of two or more tertiary structures.

Match the following levels of protein structure with their descriptions:

Which monosaccharide is NOT one of the most important?

Disaccharides are formed through a condensation reaction that involves adding water.

What is the general formula for monosaccharides?

The disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose is known as _____

Match the following disaccharides with their monosaccharide components:

Which of the following are types of slow-releasing sugars?

Glycogen is primarily stored in plant cells.

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

The two main types of slow-releasing sugars are __________ and __________.

Match the following amino acids with their corresponding codes:

Which of the following is NOT a group of lipids?

Saturated fatty acids contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms.

Which hormone regulates the breakdown of glycogen to glucose?

What is the formula for glycerol?

A dipeptide consists of one amino acid linked to another.

Describe the structural components of an amino acid.

Steroids share a common structure known as the _____.

Match the following lipid types with their characteristics:

What is the primary function of phospholipids in cells?

Cholesterol is synthesized in the liver and is a precursor to most steroid hormones in the human body.

Name two examples of sex hormones.

Cortisol is considered the ________ hormone and helps in breaking down proteins into amino acids.

Match the following steroid hormones with their functions:

What component is NOT a part of triglycerides?

Triglycerides are always solid at room temperature.

What type of lipid is primarily found in cell membranes?

Phospholipids are formed through __________ synthesis.

Match the following features with their corresponding type of lipid:

What is the main difference between oils and fats?

The fatty acid tails of phospholipids are hydrophilic.

What role do triglycerides serve in organisms?

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