Biomolecules: Amoeba Sisters Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following are the 4 biomolecules?

Vitamins

Carbohydrates (correct)

Lipids (correct)

Nucleic Acids (correct)

Proteins (correct)

What is a monomer?

A building block

Why are biomolecules important?

Which of the following are examples of carbohydrates?

Sugars Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of carbohydrates?

Stores energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the monomer of carbohydrates?

Monosaccharides Signup and view all the answers

What are lipids also known as?

Fats Signup and view all the answers

What are the two building blocks or monomers for lipids?

Fatty acid and glycerol Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of lipids?

Cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lipids?

Help to store long-term energy, cushion and protect organs, insulate the body, and form cell membranes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of proteins?

Beans Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of proteins?

Builds and repairs muscle, body movement, defend against germs or viruses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the monomer of proteins?

Amino acids Signup and view all the answers

Why is DNA important?

Without DNA, a cell cannot make the proteins needed that are essential for life. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of nucleic acids?

DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Nucleotide Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of DNA?

Stores and transfers genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RNA?

Directly codes for amino acids and acts as a messenger for DNA and ribosomes to make proteins. Signup and view all the answers

Where are nucleic acids found?

In all living things Signup and view all the answers

What is a carbohydrate chain?

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What is a lipid chain?

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What is a protein chain?

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What is a nucleic acid?

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Study Notes

Biomolecules Overview

Four main types of biomolecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids.

Monomers

A monomer is defined as the basic building block of larger biomolecules.

Importance of Biomolecules

Critical for metabolic processes, cell structure, energy storage, and genetic information transmission.

Carbohydrates

Examples include starches (such as bread and pasta) and sugars (like table sugar and glucose).
Main function is to store energy.
Monomer form is monosaccharides.

Lipids

Also referred to as fats.
Two primary building blocks: fatty acids and glycerol.
Examples include fats, oils, butter, cholesterol, and steroids.
Functions include storing long-term energy, cushioning and protecting organs, insulating the body, and forming cell membranes.

Proteins

Numerous examples include meats, beans, cheese, eggs, nuts, and stomach enzymes such as pepsin.
Main functions consist of building and repairing muscle, facilitating body movement, and defending against germs or viruses.
Monomer unit is amino acids.

Nucleic Acids

DNA plays a vital role; without it, a cell cannot synthesize essential proteins for life.
Examples include DNA and RNA.
Nucleotide serves as the monomer for nucleic acids.
DNA functions in storing and transferring genetic information.
RNA codes for amino acids and acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Nucleic acids are present in all forms of life.

Chains of Biomolecules

Carbohydrate, lipid, and protein chains are composed of their respective monomers but need further elaboration.
Nucleic acids form extensive chains of nucleotides that create the overall structure of DNA and RNA.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the four major biomolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids with these flashcards. Each card provides definitions and examples that help deepen your understanding of their functions and importance in biology.