Podcast
Questions and Answers
What aspect of human and chimpanzee throwing behavior differs primarily due to shoulder orientation?
What aspect of human and chimpanzee throwing behavior differs primarily due to shoulder orientation?
- Knee flexion
- Hip extension
- Arm abduction (correct)
- Wrist rotation
What is the primary muscle affected by the alignment of the humerus during throwing?
What is the primary muscle affected by the alignment of the humerus during throwing?
- Trapezius
- Deltoid
- Pectoralis major (correct)
- Latissimus dorsi
Maximizing inertia during shoulder flexion is achieved through which action?
Maximizing inertia during shoulder flexion is achieved through which action?
- Rotating the shoulder joint
- Aligning the humerus with the Pectoralis major (correct)
- Extending the elbow
- Elevating the shoulder blade
What complementary action contributes to loading the elastic ligaments in the shoulder during throwing?
What complementary action contributes to loading the elastic ligaments in the shoulder during throwing?
In the context of throwing mechanics, how does the alignment of the humerus impact performance?
In the context of throwing mechanics, how does the alignment of the humerus impact performance?
Which factor plays a crucial role in the differences observed in throwing performance between humans and chimpanzees?
Which factor plays a crucial role in the differences observed in throwing performance between humans and chimpanzees?
What impact does shoulder orientation have on the throwing mechanics of both species?
What impact does shoulder orientation have on the throwing mechanics of both species?
Which physiological aspect is maximized by aligning the arm correctly during the throwing motion?
Which physiological aspect is maximized by aligning the arm correctly during the throwing motion?
What is the primary focus of biomechanics?
What is the primary focus of biomechanics?
Which of the following is NOT a sub-branch of biomechanics?
Which of the following is NOT a sub-branch of biomechanics?
Which professional would most likely apply the principles of biomechanics in their work?
Which professional would most likely apply the principles of biomechanics in their work?
In the context of biomechanics, what does kinematics specifically study?
In the context of biomechanics, what does kinematics specifically study?
What does the term 'dynamics' refer to in biomechanics?
What does the term 'dynamics' refer to in biomechanics?
Which of the following considerations is directly related to the application of biomechanics in healthcare?
Which of the following considerations is directly related to the application of biomechanics in healthcare?
Which component of shoulder morphology is specifically linked to reconstructing hominin shoulder orientation?
Which component of shoulder morphology is specifically linked to reconstructing hominin shoulder orientation?
What can elastic energy storage in the shoulder allow for in terms of human movement?
What can elastic energy storage in the shoulder allow for in terms of human movement?
What does kinematics study primarily focus on?
What does kinematics study primarily focus on?
Which of the following best describes kinetics?
Which of the following best describes kinetics?
How is the kinematics of a sport skill commonly referred to?
How is the kinematics of a sport skill commonly referred to?
What is implied when discussing the resultant muscle force in the context of kinetics?
What is implied when discussing the resultant muscle force in the context of kinetics?
In a free body diagram of the shank-and-foot at heel contact, which force is not represented?
In a free body diagram of the shank-and-foot at heel contact, which force is not represented?
What does the kinematics study exclude from its analysis?
What does the kinematics study exclude from its analysis?
What reference frame is established when analyzing joint reaction force?
What reference frame is established when analyzing joint reaction force?
Which term best describes the forces exerted by the ground during motion?
Which term best describes the forces exerted by the ground during motion?
What is primarily assessed by kinematics in human movement analysis?
What is primarily assessed by kinematics in human movement analysis?
Which of the following is an example of qualitative data in a sports performance assessment?
Which of the following is an example of qualitative data in a sports performance assessment?
What technique relies on descriptive observations to provide insights in biomechanics?
What technique relies on descriptive observations to provide insights in biomechanics?
Which tool captures movement at 30 frames per second for analysis?
Which tool captures movement at 30 frames per second for analysis?
Which kinesthetic quantity does not fall under the domain of kinematics?
Which kinesthetic quantity does not fall under the domain of kinematics?
What is one advantage of using motion monitoring systems in biomechanical research?
What is one advantage of using motion monitoring systems in biomechanical research?
Which of the following best defines kinetics in the context of biomechanics?
Which of the following best defines kinetics in the context of biomechanics?
What is typically the focus of biomechanical researchers compared to physiotherapists?
What is typically the focus of biomechanical researchers compared to physiotherapists?
What is the main focus of kinematics in the study of human movement?
What is the main focus of kinematics in the study of human movement?
In biomechanics, which type of motion involves all parts of the body moving in the same direction at the same speed?
In biomechanics, which type of motion involves all parts of the body moving in the same direction at the same speed?
What is the purpose of a goniometer in the context of human movement analysis?
What is the purpose of a goniometer in the context of human movement analysis?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of linear motion?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of linear motion?
What role does the Cartesian coordinate system play in biomechanics?
What role does the Cartesian coordinate system play in biomechanics?
Which term describes motion along a straight line?
Which term describes motion along a straight line?
What is the primary difference between kinematics and kinetics in the study of movement?
What is the primary difference between kinematics and kinetics in the study of movement?
Which of the following statements accurately describes angular motion?
Which of the following statements accurately describes angular motion?
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Study Notes
Biomechanics
- Investigates the mechanical principles of how human movement works
- Applied to analyzing human movement
- Applicable to address problems related to human health, healthcare and performance
- Informs treatment decisions and injury mechanisms
- Applied by many fields (physiotherapists, podiatrists, biomedical engineers, personal trainers, coaches, orthopaedic surgeons)
Sub-Branches of Biomechanics
- Statics: study of systems in constant motion, including zero motion
- Dynamics: study of systems subject to acceleration
Kinematics
- Study of the appearance or description of motion
- Focuses on the time and spatial factors of motion
- The kinematics of an exercise or a sport skill is known as form or technique
- Visual observation of a body in motion
Kinetics
- Study of the forces that influence a body's movement
- Forces include internal forces (muscle forces) and external forces (gravity, forces exchanged by external objects)
Kinematics vs Kinetics
- Kinematics: distance, displacement, speed, velocity, acceleration/deceleration
- Kinetics: force, pressure, torque, work, impulse, momentum, power
Qualitative vs Quantitative Data
- Qualitative: Descriptive (ex: strong, skillful, agile, flexible, fast)
- Quantitative: Measured data (ex: running speed = 5 m/s, height = 1.75 m, mass = 68.2 kg)
How to Quantitatively Measure Movement
- Videography
- Movement Monitoring Systems
- Goniometer
- Force plates
- Electromyography
Kinematics and Kinetics of Movement
- Kinematics: study of the geometry, pattern or form of motion with respect to time, not concerned with forces
- Kinetics: study of the forces associated with the motion
Forms of Motion
- Linear Motion: motion along a line, with all parts of the body moving in the same direction at the same speed, also called translational motion
- Rectilinear - movement along a straight line
- Curvilinear - movement along a curved line
- Angular Motion: rotation around an axis, perpendicular to the plane where the rotation occurs
Spatial Reference Systems
- Used to standardize measurements
- Cartesian Coordinate System: most common system
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