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Mammals and ______ undergo internal fertilization.
Mammals and ______ undergo internal fertilization.
birds
Organisms that lay and hatch their eggs outside their body are called ______.
Organisms that lay and hatch their eggs outside their body are called ______.
oviparous
Ovoviviparous embryos do not have an internal connection to the mother’s ______.
Ovoviviparous embryos do not have an internal connection to the mother’s ______.
placenta
______ organisms directly nourish the developing embryos within the body.
______ organisms directly nourish the developing embryos within the body.
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Examples of viviparous organisms include all ______ mammals.
Examples of viviparous organisms include all ______ mammals.
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Reproduction in animals can either be sexual reproduction or ______ reproduction.
Reproduction in animals can either be sexual reproduction or ______ reproduction.
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The sex cells of males are called ______ cells.
The sex cells of males are called ______ cells.
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The fertilization process results in the formation of a ______.
The fertilization process results in the formation of a ______.
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Sexual reproduction involves two parents, the male and the ______.
Sexual reproduction involves two parents, the male and the ______.
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Some animals can undergo both sexual reproduction and ______ reproduction.
Some animals can undergo both sexual reproduction and ______ reproduction.
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Gametes are the reproductive cells produced by ______ organisms.
Gametes are the reproductive cells produced by ______ organisms.
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In some models of conception, live-bearing animals are represented using a plastic ______.
In some models of conception, live-bearing animals are represented using a plastic ______.
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In asexual reproduction, organisms can reproduce using means other than the use of ______.
In asexual reproduction, organisms can reproduce using means other than the use of ______.
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Oviparous animals lay their eggs in an ______ environment.
Oviparous animals lay their eggs in an ______ environment.
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Viviparous animals nourish their young inside the mother's ______.
Viviparous animals nourish their young inside the mother's ______.
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The source of nourishment for ovoviviparous animals is the ______ within the mother.
The source of nourishment for ovoviviparous animals is the ______ within the mother.
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Fish and some reptiles are examples of ______ animals.
Fish and some reptiles are examples of ______ animals.
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Most ______ are viviparous, meaning they give birth to live young.
Most ______ are viviparous, meaning they give birth to live young.
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Birds are classified as ______ because they lay eggs.
Birds are classified as ______ because they lay eggs.
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Male gametes are known as ______ cells.
Male gametes are known as ______ cells.
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Female gametes are referred to as egg cells or ______.
Female gametes are referred to as egg cells or ______.
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The granulosa cells serve to protect and nourish the ______.
The granulosa cells serve to protect and nourish the ______.
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Sperm cells have enzymes contained within their ______ which aid in egg cell penetration.
Sperm cells have enzymes contained within their ______ which aid in egg cell penetration.
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It takes multiple sperm to break down the zona pellucida but only one sperm to ______.
It takes multiple sperm to break down the zona pellucida but only one sperm to ______.
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To prevent ______, steps are taken after fertilization to block additional sperm from entering the egg.
To prevent ______, steps are taken after fertilization to block additional sperm from entering the egg.
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Fertilization that occurs outside the body of the animal is known as ______ fertilization.
Fertilization that occurs outside the body of the animal is known as ______ fertilization.
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During external fertilization, both male and female animals release ______ and egg cells into the environment.
During external fertilization, both male and female animals release ______ and egg cells into the environment.
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In internal fertilization, the zygote develops inside the ______ reproductive tract.
In internal fertilization, the zygote develops inside the ______ reproductive tract.
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Amplexus is an example of a behavior seen in frogs during ______ fertilization.
Amplexus is an example of a behavior seen in frogs during ______ fertilization.
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The production, development, and maturation of sperm cells happens within the male reproductive system through a process known as ______.
The production, development, and maturation of sperm cells happens within the male reproductive system through a process known as ______.
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The primary sex hormone produced by the testes in male animals is called ______.
The primary sex hormone produced by the testes in male animals is called ______.
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The male reproductive system is specialized for the production of ______ cells and their deposition into the female reproductive tract.
The male reproductive system is specialized for the production of ______ cells and their deposition into the female reproductive tract.
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The male reproductive organs have a different function from that of ______ organs.
The male reproductive organs have a different function from that of ______ organs.
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The function of depositing sperm into the female reproductive tract is crucial for successful ______.
The function of depositing sperm into the female reproductive tract is crucial for successful ______.
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The pathway of a sperm cell begins in the ______ before it travels to deposit itself.
The pathway of a sperm cell begins in the ______ before it travels to deposit itself.
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The male reproductive system has a series of structures that serve to perform its functions ______.
The male reproductive system has a series of structures that serve to perform its functions ______.
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Hormones like testosterone signal the necessary changes and trigger ______ in males.
Hormones like testosterone signal the necessary changes and trigger ______ in males.
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Cut the muscle of the abdomen ______ until the chest area.
Cut the muscle of the abdomen ______ until the chest area.
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For the male frog, check the back body wall to locate two yellowish ______.
For the male frog, check the back body wall to locate two yellowish ______.
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Sometimes black grains found inside the abdomen of a female frog are ______.
Sometimes black grains found inside the abdomen of a female frog are ______.
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The fish gonads are located in the paired yellow or pink ______ in the lower part of the abdomen.
The fish gonads are located in the paired yellow or pink ______ in the lower part of the abdomen.
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If the apron of a crab is pointed, the crab is ______.
If the apron of a crab is pointed, the crab is ______.
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The ovaries of the female crab are located in the ______ structure.
The ovaries of the female crab are located in the ______ structure.
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The male reproductive system includes the testis and the ______.
The male reproductive system includes the testis and the ______.
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For waste disposal, place all dead animals in a black ______ bag.
For waste disposal, place all dead animals in a black ______ bag.
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Study Notes
Unit 13: The Reproductive System
- The reproductive system is crucial for species propagation.
- Reproduction can be sexual or asexual.
- Sexual reproduction involves male and female gametes, a process called fertilization.
- Asexual reproduction does not involve gametes.
Lesson 13.1: Sexual Reproduction In Animals
- Some animals have both sexual and asexual reproduction.
- Sexual reproduction requires two parents to produce reproductive cells (gametes).
- Key parts of the reproductive system are the male and female gonads, which are the testes and ovaries respectively.
- These gonads produce the gametes sperm and egg cells.
Lesson 13.2: The Female Reproductive System
- The female reproductive system has organs that perform specific functions.
- Essential functions include egg production, fertilization, and zygote development.
- The system is composed of internal organs like the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
- The vagina is an elastic muscular canal.
- The uterus is responsible for receiving the fertilized egg and allowing it to grow.
- The fallopian tubes transport the egg to the uterus.
- Ovaries store immature eggs until ovulation, a release process.
- Puberty is when the ovaries start to produce eggs.
- The pH of the vagina is acidic, which helps protect against pathogens like bacteria.
Lesson 13.3: The Male Reproductive System
- Male reproductive organs have different functions compared to the female system.
- These organs include testes, scrotum, urethra, penis, and sperm ducts.
- The testes produce sperm cells and testosterone.
- The scrotum maintains temperature for sperm production.
- The urethra is a tube that transports urine and sperm outside the body.
- The penis is the external organ used for sperm deposition.
- Sperm is produced in the seminiferous tubules inside the testes.
Lesson 13.4: Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
- Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm cell production in males.
- Oogenesis is the process of egg cell production in females.
- Both involve meiosis, a type of cell division.
- Spermatogenesis occurs in the testes and results in four sperm cells from a single spermatogonium cell.
- Oogenesis occurs in the ovaries and produces one functional egg cell and three polar bodies from a single oogonium cell.
- Gametogenesis encompasses the sperm and egg production, starting from stem cells and ending with the mature gamete.
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