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Questions and Answers
Which type of tissue is responsible for conducting impulses to control and coordinate body activities?
Which type of tissue is responsible for conducting impulses to control and coordinate body activities?
Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?
Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?
What is the primary function of connective tissue?
What is the primary function of connective tissue?
Which type of tissue is responsible for producing body movement?
Which type of tissue is responsible for producing body movement?
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Which of the following is an example of a connective tissue?
Which of the following is an example of a connective tissue?
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What type of epithelial tissue forms the lining of the urinary bladder?
What type of epithelial tissue forms the lining of the urinary bladder?
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What type of connective tissue is found in tendons and ligaments?
What type of connective tissue is found in tendons and ligaments?
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Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the air sacs of the lungs (alveoli)?
Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the air sacs of the lungs (alveoli)?
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Which of these is NOT a characteristic of connective tissue?
Which of these is NOT a characteristic of connective tissue?
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Which type of epithelial tissue lines the stomach and intestines?
Which type of epithelial tissue lines the stomach and intestines?
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What is the function of goblet cells?
What is the function of goblet cells?
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Which type of connective tissue provides support and protection for internal organs?
Which type of connective tissue provides support and protection for internal organs?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of nervous tissue?
Which of the following is NOT a function of nervous tissue?
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What is the main cell type found in areolar connective tissue?
What is the main cell type found in areolar connective tissue?
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Which of these is a characteristic of stratified squamous epithelium?
Which of these is a characteristic of stratified squamous epithelium?
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Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels?
Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels?
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What is the function of the central canal in compact bone?
What is the function of the central canal in compact bone?
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Which type of connective tissue provides a framework for internal organs like the liver and spleen?
Which type of connective tissue provides a framework for internal organs like the liver and spleen?
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What is the fluid matrix of blood called?
What is the fluid matrix of blood called?
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Which type of epithelial tissue is characterized by cells that appear layered but are not truly stratified?
Which type of epithelial tissue is characterized by cells that appear layered but are not truly stratified?
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Which of the following is NOT true about skeletal muscle?
Which of the following is NOT true about skeletal muscle?
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What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?
What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?
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Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?
Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?
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Which of the following cell types is responsible for secreting collagen fibers in connective tissue?
Which of the following cell types is responsible for secreting collagen fibers in connective tissue?
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Which type of gland releases its products by exocytosis?
Which type of gland releases its products by exocytosis?
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What are the main components of nervous tissue?
What are the main components of nervous tissue?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of smooth muscle?
Which of the following is a characteristic of smooth muscle?
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Where is hyaline cartilage found?
Where is hyaline cartilage found?
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What is the function of the intercalated discs in cardiac muscle?
What is the function of the intercalated discs in cardiac muscle?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of neuroglia?
Which of the following is NOT a function of neuroglia?
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Which type of tissue is responsible for generating movement in the body?
Which type of tissue is responsible for generating movement in the body?
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Which type of tissue plays a crucial role in binding structures together and supporting soft parts?
Which type of tissue plays a crucial role in binding structures together and supporting soft parts?
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Which of these is NOT a function of nervous tissue?
Which of these is NOT a function of nervous tissue?
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Which of the following tissues is responsible for forming protective linings and playing a role in secretion and absorption?
Which of the following tissues is responsible for forming protective linings and playing a role in secretion and absorption?
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Which type of tissue would you expect to find in the lining of the stomach?
Which type of tissue would you expect to find in the lining of the stomach?
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Where would you find simple squamous epithelium?
Where would you find simple squamous epithelium?
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Which type of epithelial tissue is responsible for producing mucus?
Which type of epithelial tissue is responsible for producing mucus?
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What is the main difference between compact and spongy bone?
What is the main difference between compact and spongy bone?
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Which type of connective tissue is responsible for binding skin to underlying tissues?
Which type of connective tissue is responsible for binding skin to underlying tissues?
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What is the function of microvilli in simple columnar epithelium?
What is the function of microvilli in simple columnar epithelium?
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Which type of tissue has cells that are tightly packed together with little or no extracellular matrix?
Which type of tissue has cells that are tightly packed together with little or no extracellular matrix?
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Which tissue type is responsible for receiving and transmitting information throughout the body?
Which tissue type is responsible for receiving and transmitting information throughout the body?
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What is the function of blood plasma?
What is the function of blood plasma?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue?
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Which type of connective tissue contains cells that store fat?
Which type of connective tissue contains cells that store fat?
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Which type of connective tissue forms a framework for internal organs like the liver and spleen?
Which type of connective tissue forms a framework for internal organs like the liver and spleen?
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Which type of connective tissue is found in the intervertebral discs?
Which type of connective tissue is found in the intervertebral discs?
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Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for moving the head, trunk, and limbs?
Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for moving the head, trunk, and limbs?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of exocrine glands?
Which of the following is a characteristic of exocrine glands?
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What is the primary function of neuroglia?
What is the primary function of neuroglia?
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Which type of cartilage is found on the ends of bones?
Which type of cartilage is found on the ends of bones?
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Flashcards
Epithelial tissue
Epithelial tissue
Tissue that forms protective coverings and is involved in secretion and absorption.
Connective tissue
Connective tissue
Tissue that supports soft parts of the body and binds structures together.
Muscular tissue
Muscular tissue
Tissue responsible for producing body movement.
Nervous tissue
Nervous tissue
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Functions of tissues
Functions of tissues
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Formed elements of blood
Formed elements of blood
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Red bone marrow
Red bone marrow
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Hyaline cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
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Elastic cartilage
Elastic cartilage
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Fibrocartilage
Fibrocartilage
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Skeletal muscle
Skeletal muscle
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Smooth muscle
Smooth muscle
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Cardiac muscle
Cardiac muscle
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Neurons
Neurons
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Exocrine glands
Exocrine glands
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Muscle Tissue
Muscle Tissue
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Simple Squamous Epithelium
Simple Squamous Epithelium
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Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
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Simple Columnar Epithelium
Simple Columnar Epithelium
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Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
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Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
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Transitional Epithelium
Transitional Epithelium
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Areolar Connective Tissue
Areolar Connective Tissue
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Adipose Tissue
Adipose Tissue
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Bone Tissue
Bone Tissue
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Blood
Blood
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Dense Connective Tissue
Dense Connective Tissue
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Holocrine glands
Holocrine glands
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Cartilage types
Cartilage types
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Connective Tissue Functions
Connective Tissue Functions
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Reticular Connective Tissue
Reticular Connective Tissue
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Study Notes
Tissues to Know for BIO 163 Lab
- Epithelial tissues form coverings and are involved in secretion and absorption.
- Connective tissues support soft parts and bind structures together.
- Muscular tissues produce movement.
- Nervous tissue conducts impulses to control and coordinate body activities.
Epithelial Tissue
- Cell shapes include squamous (flattened), cuboidal (cube-shaped), and columnar (elongated).
- Layers can be simple (one layer) or stratified (two or more layers).
- Functions include protection, secretion, absorption, and excretion.
- Location includes covering body surfaces, lining internal organs, and making glands.
- Characteristics include lacking blood vessels and readily dividing; cells are tightly packed.
Connective Tissue
- Functions include binding, support, protection, filling spaces, storing fat, and producing blood cells.
- Location is widely distributed throughout the body.
- Characteristics include a rich blood supply; cells are spaced farther apart than epithelial cells with an extracellular matrix between them.
Muscle Tissue
- Functions include movement.
- Locations include attached to bones, walls of hollow internal organs, and the heart.
- Characteristics include generating force in response to stimuli.
Nervous Tissue
- Function: Conducts impulses for coordination, regulation, integration, and sensory reception.
- Location: Brain, spinal cord, nerves.
- Characteristics: Cells communicate with each other and the rest of the body by receiving and sending stimuli.
Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue
- Made of a single layer of flattened cells.
- Cells are tightly packed together.
- Cells have broad, thin nuclei.
- Found in diffusion and filtration sites (e.g., alveoli of the lungs, blood vessels, body cavities).
- Delicate and easily damaged.
Simple Cuboidal Epithelial Tissue
- Single layer of cube-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei.
- Lines kidney tubules, covers ovaries, and lines ducts of glands (e.g., involved in urine formation and glandular secretion).
- Channels (lumens) are faced by the free surface.
Simple Columnar Epithelial Tissue
- Made up of a single row of tall, elongated cells.
Stratified Squamous Epithelial Tissue
- Made up of many layers of flattened cells designed to protect underlying layers.
- Cuboidal cells in deeper layers divide and push older cells outward where they flatten.
- Makes up the outer layer of skin (epidermis) and lines the mouth, esophagus, vagina, and anal canal.
- Keratinization creates a dry, waterproof, protective layer in the skin. Keratinization does not occur in moist areas.
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelial Tissue
- Cells appear layered due to varying nucleus positions, but are not truly layered.
- All cells reach the basement membrane, but not all reach the free surface.
- Cells vary in shape.
- Found in respiratory tract passageways.
- Goblet cells secrete mucus, trapping microorganisms and dust, while cilia sweep them away.
Transitional Epithelial Tissue
- Designed to stretch and return to its normal size in response to tension.
- Found in urinary bladder, urethra, and ureters.
- Cells change shape depending on the amount of distension.
- Prevents urine from diffusing back into the internal environment.
Connective Tissue Proper
- Areolar: Loose, thin, delicate membranes; main cell type is fibroblasts; matrix is gel-like, containing collagen and reticular fibers that bind skin to underlying tissues.
- Reticular: Loose, contains thin reticular fibers forming a 3-dimensional network that frames internal organs (liver, spleen).
- Dense: Consists of densely packed collagen fibers and a network of elastic fibers.
Specialized Connective Tissues
Bone
- Most rigid connective tissue due to mineral salts (calcium).
- Collagen fibers within the matrix provide flexibility.
- Supports and protects many body structures (cranial/thoracic).
- Forms sites for muscle attachments.
- Site of blood cell formation (red bone marrow).
- Stores and releases chemicals (calcium/phosphorus).
- 2 types: compact and spongy.
- Osteocytes lie within lacunae, arranged in concentric circles (lamellae) around central (Haversian) canals.
- Cylindrical units (osteons) distribute blood through tiny tubes (canaliculi).
- Good blood supply for rapid recovery.
Blood
- Transports substances throughout the body.
- Transports nutrients, gases, and wastes.
- Composed of formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) suspended in a liquid matrix (plasma).
- Red blood cells carry oxygen.
- White blood cells protect against infection.
- Platelets are involved in clotting.
- Most blood cells are produced in red bone marrow within certain long bones.
Hyaline Cartilage
- Most common type of cartilage.
- Contains fine collagen fibers; appears glassy.
- Found on the ends of bones, supporting respiratory structures and passages.
- Important in embryonic bone development.
Elastic Cartilage
- Contains elastic fibers in a dense network.
- Flexible.
- Framework for external ears and parts of the larynx.
Fibrocartilage
- Tough tissue with many collagenous fibers.
- Good shock absorber.
- Found in intervertebral discs, knees, and pelvic girdle.
Skeletal Muscle
- Makes up muscles that attach to bones.
- Voluntary; controlled by conscious effort.
- Long, cylindrical cells (fibers) with striations (striped appearance).
- Multiple nuclei.
- Contract only when stimulated by nerve cells (neurons).
- Moves head, trunk, and limbs.
Smooth Muscle
- Named because smooth muscle cells lack striations.
- Spindle-shaped cells with one central nucleus.
- Involuntary; cannot be consciously controlled.
- Found in walls of hollow internal organs (digestive tract, blood vessels, urinary bladder).
Cardiac Muscle
- Found only in the heart.
- Consists of branching cells (fibers) with a single nucleus.
- Cells form branching networks.
Nervous Tissue
- Located in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
- Neurons (nerve cells) Respond to stimuli, conducting electrical impulses through their soma, dendrites, and axons,
- Neuroglia (nerve glue) supports, nourishes, and communicates with neurons; do not conduct impulses (e.g., conduct phagocytosis).
- Bind nervous tissue together.
Glands
- Organs composed of epithelial tissues.
- Produce and secrete substances into ducts (exocrine glands) or into body fluids (endocrine glands).
- Exocrine glands secrete products into ducts that open to a body surface; examples include pancreas, salivary, and sweat glands (merocrine, apocrine, holocrine).
- Merocrine glands release fluid products by exocytosis, apocrine glands pinch off portions of the cells, holocrine glands release entire cells.
Cell Types
- Fibroblasts: Most common fixed cell type, large, star-shaped cells that secrete fibers.
- Macrophages (histiocytes): Function as phagocytes (defending against infection/foreign particles).
- Mast cells: Large, fixed cells near blood vessels; release heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine (inflammation).
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Description
Test your knowledge on the different types of tissues in biology. This quiz covers the functions of epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues. Understand how these tissues contribute to body activities and their unique characteristics.
