Biology Taxonomy and Classification

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Questions and Answers

How many domains are there? List them all.

3 Domains: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

How many kingdoms are there? List them all.

6 Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Plantae, Animalia, Fungi

What kind of cell does each domain have?

Bacteria and Archaea have prokaryotic cells, Eukarya has eukaryotic cells.

What are the 8 levels of classification from general to specific?

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of classification?

All organisms are categorized based on physical characteristics & genetic relationships. Signup and view all the answers

What is taxonomy?

Field of biology responsible for identifying, naming, and classifying organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What is morphology?

Organism's form and structure. Signup and view all the answers

What is a scientific name (bionomial nomenclature)?

A name used by scientists consisting of the genus and species. Signup and view all the answers

The scientific name must be ______.

italicized or underlined. Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule for scientific names?

Genus name begins with a capitalized letter, and species name begins with a lowercase letter. Signup and view all the answers

What is a domain in taxonomy?

1st Taxonomy rank: A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. Signup and view all the answers

What is a kingdom in taxonomy?

2nd Taxonomy rank: The second highest taxonomic rank below domain. Signup and view all the answers

What is phylum in taxonomy?

3rd Taxonomy rank: A category of taxonomic classification above class and under kingdom. Signup and view all the answers

What is class in taxonomy?

4th Taxonomy rank: A category of taxonomic classification above order and under phylum. Signup and view all the answers

What is order in taxonomy?

5th Taxonomy rank: A category of taxonomic classification above family and under class. Signup and view all the answers

What is family in taxonomy?

6th Taxonomy rank: A category of taxonomic classification above genus and under order. Signup and view all the answers

What is genus in taxonomy?

7th Taxonomy rank: A category of taxonomic classification above species and under family. Signup and view all the answers

What is species in taxonomy?

8th Taxonomy rank: A category of taxonomic classification under genus. Signup and view all the answers

What is Archaea?

Ancient prokaryotes: Domain consisting of unicellular prokaryotes. Signup and view all the answers

What is Bacteria?

True bacteria: Domain consisting of unicellular prokaryotes. Signup and view all the answers

What is Eukarya?

Domain consisting of all organisms that have a nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

What is Archaebacteria?

Prokaryote, unicellular. Some make methane. Signup and view all the answers

What is Eubacteria?

Kingdom of bacteria, prokaryote, unicellular, most common bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What is Protista?

Kingdom consisting of unicellular or multicellular eukaryotes that are not plants, animals, or fungi. Signup and view all the answers

What is Fungi?

Kingdom consisting of multicellular organisms that obtain nutrients from dead organic matter. Signup and view all the answers

What is Animalia?

A kingdom made up of complex, multicellular organisms that usually move around. Signup and view all the answers

What is Plantae?

A kingdom made up of complex, multicellular organisms that use photosynthesis. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Domains of Life

Three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Bacteria and Archaea consist of prokaryotic cells; Eukarya contains eukaryotic cells.

Kingdoms of Life

Six kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Plantae, Animalia, and Fungi.

Taxonomy Classification

Eight levels of classification in order: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
Mnemonic for classification: "Did King Philip Come Over For Great Spaghetti?"

Classification Definition

Organisms are classified based on physical characteristics and genetic relationships.

Taxonomy

Sub-discipline of biology focused on identifying, naming, and classifying organisms.

Morphology

Study of the form and structure of organisms.

Scientific Naming (Bionomial Nomenclature)

Scientific names consist of two parts: genus and species.
Naming rules: italicize or underline the entire name, capitalize the genus name, and use a lowercase letter for the species name.

Detailed Taxonomic Ranks

Domain: Highest taxonomic rank above kingdom, includes Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
Kingdom: Second highest rank, includes Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaebacteria, and Eubacteria.
Phylum: Classification above class and under kingdom.
Class: Rank above order and under phylum.
Order: Classification above family and under class.
Family: Rank above genus and under order.
Genus: Classification above species and under family.
Species: Basic unit of classification below genus.

Domains Explained

Archaea: Ancient prokaryotes, unicellular, related to kingdom Archaebacteria, often found in extreme environments.
Bacteria: True bacteria, unicellular prokaryotes, associated with kingdom Eubacteria, forms the most common bacteria.
Eukarya: Comprises all organisms with a nucleus including protists, plants, fungi, and animals.

Kingdoms Detailed

Archaebacteria: Unicellular prokaryotes, some produce methane, thrive in extreme conditions such as high temperature and pressure.
Eubacteria: Unicellular prokaryotes, encompasses the majority of bacteria found in various environments.
Protista: Eukaryotic kingdom that includes unicellular and multicellular organisms that are neither plants, animals, nor fungi (e.g., Amoeba, Euglena).
Fungi: Multicellular organisms that decompose organic material to obtain nutrients (e.g., mold, mushrooms, yeast).
Animalia: Complex, multicellular organisms lacking cell walls, which can move and respond to their environment (e.g., mammals, birds, insects).
Plantae: Complex, multicellular organisms that photosynthesize using sunlight, characterized by green color and cellulose cell walls (e.g., ferns, flowering plants).

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Description

Dive into the fascinating world of biological taxonomy with this quiz. Explore the three domains of life, the six kingdoms, and the levels of classification. Challenge your knowledge about scientific naming and the morphological aspects of organisms.