Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which subatomic particle carries a positive charge?
Which subatomic particle carries a positive charge?
- Electron
- Neutron
- Proton (correct)
- Ion
What is the electrical charge of a neutron?
What is the electrical charge of a neutron?
- Positive
- Negative
- Neutral (correct)
- Variable
Which of these describes the role of electrons in the final stage of aerobic respiration?
Which of these describes the role of electrons in the final stage of aerobic respiration?
- They convert ADP to ATP during the Krebs Cycle
- They combine with hydrogen to produce glucose.
- They are converted into protons and neutrons.
- They combine with oxygen and hydrogen ions ($H^+$) to form water. (correct)
What is the atomic number of an element defined as?
What is the atomic number of an element defined as?
How is the atomic mass of an element calculated?
How is the atomic mass of an element calculated?
What is a defining characteristic that distinguishes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
What is a defining characteristic that distinguishes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
According to Chargaff's rule, if a DNA sample contains 20% adenine, what percentage of guanine would you expect?
According to Chargaff's rule, if a DNA sample contains 20% adenine, what percentage of guanine would you expect?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of lipids?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of lipids?
What is the main component of the central nervous system housed and protected by the cranial cavity?
What is the main component of the central nervous system housed and protected by the cranial cavity?
Which condition is characterized by insufficient oxygen supply at the tissue level?
Which condition is characterized by insufficient oxygen supply at the tissue level?
Which of the following is NOT a type of cell death?
Which of the following is NOT a type of cell death?
A solution with a pH greater than 7 is considered:
A solution with a pH greater than 7 is considered:
What is the primary cause of tissue infarction?
What is the primary cause of tissue infarction?
What is the liquid component of blood that travels within the circulatory system?
What is the liquid component of blood that travels within the circulatory system?
Which process is defined as the death of body tissue due to inadequate blood flow?
Which process is defined as the death of body tissue due to inadequate blood flow?
Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?
Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?
Which condition can develop when the blood supply to a body area is interrupted?
Which condition can develop when the blood supply to a body area is interrupted?
What are the main elements composing the molecular structure of carbohydrates?
What are the main elements composing the molecular structure of carbohydrates?
What is the most prominent function of proteins within living systems?
What is the most prominent function of proteins within living systems?
What is a defining characteristic of lipids in relation to water?
What is a defining characteristic of lipids in relation to water?
What is the primary role of nucleic acids?
What is the primary role of nucleic acids?
What is the primary function of a buffer in a solution?
What is the primary function of a buffer in a solution?
Which bodily system is primarily responsible for the creation of all blood cell lines?
Which bodily system is primarily responsible for the creation of all blood cell lines?
Which of the following is NOT a function of enzymes?
Which of the following is NOT a function of enzymes?
What physiological condition results from the lungs' inability to remove enough carbon dioxide from the body, leading to a decrease in blood pH?
What physiological condition results from the lungs' inability to remove enough carbon dioxide from the body, leading to a decrease in blood pH?
Which of the following is characteristic of an acid when dissolved in water?
Which of the following is characteristic of an acid when dissolved in water?
What best describes how enzymes affect a chemical reaction's energy of activation?
What best describes how enzymes affect a chemical reaction's energy of activation?
If a solution's pH is measured to be 6, what is the nature based on the provided information?
If a solution's pH is measured to be 6, what is the nature based on the provided information?
What is the immediate result of a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream due to inadequate removal by the lungs?
What is the immediate result of a buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream due to inadequate removal by the lungs?
Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?
What is a defining characteristic of steroids?
What is a defining characteristic of steroids?
What is a major role of phospholipids in cells?
What is a major role of phospholipids in cells?
Which of the following is a key characteristic of saturated fats?
Which of the following is a key characteristic of saturated fats?
What distinguishes unsaturated fats from saturated fats?
What distinguishes unsaturated fats from saturated fats?
What is the primary effect of ischemia on the body?
What is the primary effect of ischemia on the body?
What is the primary function of directional terms in anatomy?
What is the primary function of directional terms in anatomy?
If a structure is described as ipsilateral to another, what does that indicate?
If a structure is described as ipsilateral to another, what does that indicate?
Which of the following describes a structure that is further from the point of attachment?
Which of the following describes a structure that is further from the point of attachment?
According to the levels of biological organization, what is directly more complex than an organ?
According to the levels of biological organization, what is directly more complex than an organ?
What is the primary component of a tissue?
What is the primary component of a tissue?
Which of the following sequences accurately represents the organization from simpler to more complex?
Which of the following sequences accurately represents the organization from simpler to more complex?
Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between an atom and a molecule?
Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between an atom and a molecule?
Which of these is NOT considered to be a subatomic particle?
Which of these is NOT considered to be a subatomic particle?
Flashcards
Buffer
Buffer
A solution that can resist pH changes upon the addition of acidic or basic components. Buffer systems help to regulate pH by converting strong acids or bases into weak acids or bases.
Hematological System
Hematological System
The system of the body responsible for the production of all blood cell lines.
Enzyme
Enzyme
A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis
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Acids
Acids
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Base
Base
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Homeostasis
Homeostasis
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pH
pH
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Proton
Proton
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Electron
Electron
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Neutron
Neutron
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Atomic Number
Atomic Number
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Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass
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Directional Terms
Directional Terms
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Contralateral
Contralateral
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Ipsilateral
Ipsilateral
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Proximal
Proximal
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Distal
Distal
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Organism
Organism
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Organ System
Organ System
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Organ
Organ
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Hypoxemia
Hypoxemia
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Infarction
Infarction
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Necrosis
Necrosis
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Gangrene
Gangrene
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Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
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Proteins
Proteins
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Lipids
Lipids
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Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids
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Basic solution
Basic solution
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Cranial cavity
Cranial cavity
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Extracellular fluid
Extracellular fluid
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Blood plasma
Blood plasma
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Chargaff's Rule
Chargaff's Rule
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Cell death
Cell death
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Prokaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells
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Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
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Skeletal System
Skeletal System
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Steroids
Steroids
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Phospholipids
Phospholipids
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Saturated Fats
Saturated Fats
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Unsaturated Fats
Unsaturated Fats
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Ischemia
Ischemia
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Study Notes
Biology Study Notes
- Definitions and descriptions of important biological concepts, structures, and processes.
- Buffers: Minimize pH changes by converting strong acids or bases into weak ones. Resist pH change upon addition of acidic or basic components.
- Hematological system: Responsible for producing all blood cell lines.
- Enzymes: Lower activation energy, increase the rate of chemical reactions, catalytic activity but do not cause reactions or being consumed in reactions
- Respiratory acidosis: Condition where lungs can't remove enough carbon dioxide (CO2), causing blood to become acidic and pH to decline.
- Acids: Donate H+ when dissolved in water; acidic solutions have pH < 7.
- Bases: Accept H+ when dissolved in water; basic solutions have pH > 7
- Macromolecules: Carbohydrates (sugars), proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids (nucleotides). Key to life's continuity.
- Nucleic acids: Key macromolecules in the continuity of life, carrying genetic material and instructions for cell functions.
- Enzymes: Catalysts for specific biochemical reactions, produced by living organisms.
- Anatomy: Study of human structure.
- Physiology: Study of human function.
- Homeostasis: Maintaining a stable internal environment.
- Anatomical position: Erect posture with eyes and toes forward, upper limbs by the sides with palms anteriorly, lower limbs together with feet anteriorly.
- Median plane: Divides body into left and right halves.
- Sagittal plane: Divides body parallel to the median plane.
- Coronal/Frontal plane: Divides body perpendicular to the median plane into anterior and posterior aspects.
- Transverse/horizontal plane: Divides body into superior and inferior parts.
- Directional terms: Describe structure positions relative to other structures/locations in the body.
- Contralateral: Opposite side of the body.
- Ipsilateral: Same side of the body.
- Proximal: Closer to the point of attachment.
- Distal: Further from the point of attachment
- Levels of Biological organization: Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, and chemical.
- Extracellular fluid: Body fluid not contained within cells.
- Blood plasma: Liquid component of blood in the circulatory system.
- Functions of Lipids: Storing and providing energy, chemical messengers, cholesterol formation, regulating body temperature, prostaglandin formation and involvement in inflammation, and membrane lipid layer formation
- Saturated Fats: Triglycerides with three saturated fatty acid tails
- Unsaturated Fats: Triglycerides with one or more unsaturated fatty acid tails, most are liquid at room temperature.
- Ischemia: Condition where blood flow, and therefore oxygen, is restricted or reduced in a part of the body.
- Hypoxemia: Body or region of the body deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level..
- Infarction: Obstruction of blood supply to an organ/tissue, causing localized tissue death.
- Necrosis: Death of body tissue when blood flow to the tissue is low due to injury, radiation or chemicals.
- Gangrene: Tissue death due to blood supply interruption.
- Prokaryotic cells: Lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; single-celled organisms found in bacteria and archaea domains.
- Eukaryotic cells: Contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; basis for both single and multi-celled organisms.
- Atomic number: Number of protons in an element
- Atomic mass: Sum of protons and neutrons in an atom
- Protons: Positively charged subatomic particles
- Electrons: Negatively charged subatomic particles
- Neutrons: Neutral subatomic particles
- Steroids: Lipids with rigid backbones and characteristic four carbon ring pattern
- Phospholipid: Lipid with two hydrocarbon tails (often fatty acid derived) and a phosphate group; major component of plasma membrane.
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Description
Dive into essential biological concepts with this quiz that covers buffers, hematological systems, enzymes, and pH levels. Understand how macromolecules play a key role in life's continuity and learn about the mechanisms behind respiratory acidosis. Perfect for biology students looking to strengthen their grasp on these fundamental topics.
