Biology: Stem Cells and Diffusion Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of stem cells?

  • They are fully specialized cells.
  • They are only found in adult organisms.
  • They can differentiate into specific types of cells. (correct)
  • They cannot differentiate into new cells.
  • Adult and embryonic stem cells are the same.

    False

    What does diffusion refer to in terms of particle movement?

    The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

    Match the terms related to diffusion with their descriptions:

    <p>High concentration = An area with a lot of particles Concentration gradient = The process of particles moving toward low concentration Passive process = Does not require additional energy Low concentration = An area with fewer particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that affects the rate of diffusion by providing more kinetic energy to particles?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diffusion requires energy and is considered an active process.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two smaller molecules that can pass through a partially permeable membrane.

    <p>Water and glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oxygen moves from a ______ concentration in the alveoli to a ______ concentration in the capillary.

    <p>high, low</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following factors to their effects on diffusion:

    <p>Temperature = Increases kinetic energy of particles Surface area = Increases the rate of diffusion Concentration gradient = Greater difference leads to faster diffusion Partially permeable membrane = Allows only certain molecules to diffuse through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Stem Cells

    • Stem cells differentiate into new cells, which can then specialize into specific cells.
    • Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any cell, making them more versatile than adult stem cells.
    • Adult stem cells have a more limited differentiation potential, but they can still contribute to tissue repair.
    • Many stem cell treatments are still experimental and come with inherent risks, including rejection and ethical concerns.

    Diffusion

    • Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
    • Particles move down a concentration gradient, meaning from a region with more particles to a region with fewer particles.
    • Diffusion is a passive process, meaning it doesn't require additional energy to occur.

    Factors Affecting Diffusion

    • Temperature: Higher temperatures increase kinetic energy of molecules, leading to faster diffusion.
    • Surface area: Larger surface areas provide more space for diffusion, resulting in faster rates.
    • Concentration gradient: Larger differences in concentration lead to faster rates of diffusion.

    Gas Exchange in the Lungs

    • Diffusion occurs in the alveoli of the lungs.
    • Oxygen moves from the alveoli (high concentration) into the capillaries in the blood (low concentration).
    • Carbon dioxide moves from the blood (high concentration) into the alveoli (low concentration).
    • Cells produce carbon dioxide during aerobic respiration.
    • Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli, where it is then exhaled.

    Adapting for Diffusion

    • Cells can adapt to increase their rate of diffusion.
    • Folding increases surface area, allowing for faster diffusion.

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    Related Documents

    9- Diffusion Lesson Plan PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts in biology related to stem cells and diffusion. Learn about the differentiation of stem cells, their types, and the processes affecting diffusion, including temperature and surface area. Test your understanding of these essential biological principles.

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