Biology: Small Intestine Function and Structure

Tiny finger-like projections that extend from the lining of the small intestine, increasing surface area for nutrient absorption.

Microscopic, hair-like projections that cover the villi, further expanding surface area for absorption in the small intestine.

The process of taking nutrients from food and moving them into the bloodstream for use by the body.

The process of moving molecules across a cell membrane from a region of high concentration to low concentration, requiring no energy.

The process of moving molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Specialized cells in the small intestine lining responsible for absorbing sugars, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals.

Cells that produce mucus in the small intestine, lubricating the lining and aiding in nutrient transport.

Cells in the small intestine that secrete enzymes and antimicrobial peptides to regulate the gut microbiota.