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Questions and Answers
What is the process called when male and female gametes fuse?
What is the process called when male and female gametes fuse?
What are the green leaf-like structures at the outermost whorl of a flower called?
What are the green leaf-like structures at the outermost whorl of a flower called?
Which part of the flower produces the male gametes?
Which part of the flower produces the male gametes?
What is the term for the transfer of pollen from one flower's anther to its stigma?
What is the term for the transfer of pollen from one flower's anther to its stigma?
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In which type of pollination does the anther of one flower transfer pollen to the stigma of another flower?
In which type of pollination does the anther of one flower transfer pollen to the stigma of another flower?
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What is the central whorl of a flower that produces female gametes called?
What is the central whorl of a flower that produces female gametes called?
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Which type of self-pollination occurs with the help of gravity or a pollinating agent between different flowers on the same plant?
Which type of self-pollination occurs with the help of gravity or a pollinating agent between different flowers on the same plant?
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What part of the flower serves as the site for pollen deposition?
What part of the flower serves as the site for pollen deposition?
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Study Notes
Sexual Reproduction
- Sexual reproduction involves the interaction of male and female reproductive parts.
- Two gametes, male and female, are formed.
- Fertilization occurs when the male and female gametes fuse.
- The zygote, formed after fertilization, develops into an embryo and then into a new individual.
- Flowers are the reproductive organs of flowering plants (angiosperms).
- A flower consists of four distinct whorls: calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium.
Calyx
- The outermost whorl of a flower.
- Composed of green leaf-like structures called sepals.
Corolla
- The second whorl of a flower.
- Composed of colorful structures called petals.
- Petals attract insects and animals, aiding in pollination.
Androecium
- The third whorl of a flower.
- Composed of stamens.
- Each stamen has a filament (tube-like portion) and an anther (capsule-like structure).
- The anther produces pollen grains, the male gametes.
Gynoecium
- The central whorl of a flower.
- Contains the ovary, style, and stigma.
- The ovary produces eggs (female gametes).
- The style is a tube-like structure connecting the ovary to the stigma.
- The stigma is a flattened structure at the top of the style, where pollen grains land.
Pollination
- The transfer of pollen grains from anthers to the stigma.
- Two types: self-pollination and cross-pollination.
Self-Pollination
- The transfer of pollen from the anthers of the same flower to its stigma.
- Two types:
- Autogamy: Pollination without the help of animals.
- Geitonogamy: Pollination between flowers of the same plant, often with the help of pollinating agents or gravity.
Cross-Pollination
- The transfer of pollen from the anthers of one flower to the stigma of another flower.
- Can occur on the same plant or different plants.
- The norm in most plants and relies on pollinating agents like wind, insects, birds, and other animals.
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Description
Explore the fascinating process of sexual reproduction in flowering plants. This quiz covers the roles of male and female gametes, fertilization, and the distinct structures of a flower, including calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium. Test your knowledge on plant reproductive anatomy and processes.
