Biology Quiz on Reproduction and Physiology

The extinction of a plant species that relies on a specific pollinator can also lead to the extinction of the plant species itself. This is because the plant can't reproduce without the pollinator.

Vegetative propagation allows plants to rapidly colonize an area because they can produce new plants from existing parts, like roots or stems. This means they don't need to rely on slow seed dispersal.

Climate change can disrupt flowering times in plants that rely on specific environmental cues. This disrupts the synchronization between flowering and pollinator activity, potentially reducing reproductive success.

Multiple flower colors attract a wider range of pollinators, increasing the likelihood of successful fertilization. This can lead to enhanced reproductive success for the plant species.

External fertilization in amphibians benefits their survival in aquatic environments by increasing the chances of fertilization. The release of eggs and sperm into the water creates a higher likelihood of gametes meeting and forming a zygote.

Oviparity is the reproductive strategy where eggs are laid and hatch outside the mother's body. Examples include birds, reptiles, and some fish.

The anther is the part of the plant that produces pollen. It is located on the stamen, the male reproductive organ of the flower.

Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction in which plants can produce new plants from existing parts like roots, stems, or leaves. This method bypasses the need for seeds.

A mode of reproduction in animals where offspring develop inside the mother's body and are born live.

A mode of reproduction in animals where offspring develop inside eggs that are laid outside the mother's body.

A type of natural selection where individuals with traits that enhance their chances of mating success are more likely to reproduce.

A condition where an individual organism possesses both male and female reproductive organs.

The process of reproduction involving the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg), resulting in offspring with genetic diversity.

A form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual is produced as an outgrowth from the parent's body.

The process of breaking down food and absorbing nutrients.

Animals that eat only plants.

The development of an embryo without fertilization, where a female organism can produce offspring without mating with a male.

The process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the blood and the environment.

Animals that eat only meat.

The protein in red blood cells that binds and transports oxygen in the blood.

A deficiency in essential macronutrients, such as potassium, can lead to impaired transport processes in plants, affecting their growth.

The ecological implications of a decline in water transport efficiency in plants due to climate change could include reduced plant growth, lower biodiversity, and disrupted nutrient cycling.

Animals that use gills to extract oxygen from water for respiration.

A process that breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy.

The diaphragm is a muscle that contracts and relaxes, changing the volume of the lungs and facilitating inhalation and exhalation.

Plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose (sugar) and oxygen through photosynthesis.

Factors like light intensity, temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration can affect the rate of gas exchange in plants, influencing photosynthesis and respiration.

The spongy mesophyll in leaves is a layer of cells with air spaces that facilitate gas exchange, allowing for efficient carbon dioxide uptake and oxygen release during photosynthesis.

A closed circulatory system in vertebrates allows for efficient transport of nutrients and gases throughout the body, enabling larger and more complex organisms to thrive.

Hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells, binds to oxygen, allowing the blood to carry and deliver oxygen efficiently throughout the body.

Diets rich in fat can contribute to plaque buildup in arteries, hindering blood flow and potentially affecting the circulatory system.

Respiration is the process where organisms break down glucose (sugar) in the presence of oxygen to release energy, producing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.

Capillaries allow for the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues.

Guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomata, which are tiny pores on plant leaves, allowing for gas exchange.

Transpiration, the evaporation of water from leaves, creates a pulling force that draws water and dissolved nutrients up from the roots.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use, like nitrates or ammonia.

Having stomata on the underside of leaves helps reduce water loss in hot, dry environments by minimizing direct sunlight exposure.

Damage to blood vessels can decrease transport efficiency because it can disrupt blood flow and the exchange of nutrients and gases between blood and tissues.

At high altitudes, the lower oxygen levels can trigger an increase in red blood cell production to compensate for the reduced oxygen availability.

The circulatory system transports nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout the body, enabling cells to function and survive.

The kidneys filter waste products from the blood and produce urine, helping to maintain water balance in the body.

Freshwater fish constantly absorb water through their skin. To counteract this, they actively pump ions into their bodies to maintain the correct salt concentration. This is called osmoregulation.

When a plant loses more water than it absorbs, it can become dehydrated. This can lead to wilting and even death if not corrected.

Lymphocytes are white blood cells that specifically target and destroy foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses.

Plants do not have a circulatory system like animals. Instead, they rely on the diffusion of nutrients and gases through their cells. This process is efficient enough for their needs.

Vaccines introduce weakened or dead versions of pathogens into the body. The immune system learns to recognize and fight off these pathogens, preventing future infections.

The Venus flytrap is a carnivorous plant. When an insect touches the sensory hairs on its trap, the trap quickly snaps shut, trapping the insect.

The circulatory system's primary functions are to transport blood throughout the body, deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells, and remove waste products. It also helps regulate body temperature and fight infections.