Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which part of the nervous system includes the brain and spine?
Which part of the nervous system includes the brain and spine?
What type of nerve cell is responsible for transmitting signals from sensory organs to the central nervous system?
What type of nerve cell is responsible for transmitting signals from sensory organs to the central nervous system?
Which gland is part of the endocrine system and is located in the brain?
Which gland is part of the endocrine system and is located in the brain?
Which of the following is an anabolic reaction?
Which of the following is an anabolic reaction?
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What are the 5 basic flavors that humans can sense?
What are the 5 basic flavors that humans can sense?
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Which psychologist would most likely work with athletes to improve their performance?
Which psychologist would most likely work with athletes to improve their performance?
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Study Notes
Cellular Processes
- Diffusion is a form of transport in cells
- Enzymes catalyze metabolic reactions, including catabolic (breakdown) and anabolic (synthesis) reactions
Nervous System
- Divided into Central Nervous System (brain and spine) and Peripheral Nervous System (nerves)
- Nerve cells: sensory neurons (receive stimuli), connecting neurons (integration), and motor neurons (response)
- Synapses: gaps between neurons, neurotransmitters transmit signals
- Brain structures and functions: control center for body, processing and integrating information
- Receptors: detect stimuli (e.g., sensory receptors in skin)
- Effectors: respond to stimuli (e.g., muscles, glands)
Reflex Arcs and Endocrine System
- Reflex arcs: automatic responses to stimuli, involving sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons
- Endocrine system: glands produce hormones, regulating body functions
- Pituitary gland: master gland, regulates other endocrine glands
- Adrenal glands: produce adrenaline, regulate stress response
- Ovaries and testes: produce sex hormones
Hormones and Homeostasis
- Hormones: chemical messengers, travel through bloodstream, detected by target cells
- Homeostasis: maintaining internal balance, using stimulus-response model and feedback
- Temperature control: thermoregulation, maintaining body temperature
Psychology
- Definition: scientific study of behavior and mental processes
- Overt behavior: observable, external actions
- Covert behavior: internal, mental processes
- Sports psychologists: enhance performance, overcome obstacles
- Forensic psychologists: apply psychology to law, justice, and policy
- 9 fields of psychology: clinical, counseling, school, industrial-organizational, social, developmental, cognitive, neuroscience, and personality
- Roles: research, assessment, intervention, consultation, education
Memory and Taste
- Memory process: encoding, storage, retrieval
- Sensory memory: brief, immediate, raw data
- Short-term memory: limited capacity, short duration
- Long-term memory: permanent storage, large capacity
- Ways to improve memory: repetition, organization, association, visualization
- Taste buds: located on tongue, detect 5 basic flavors (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami)
- Influences on taste perception: temperature, texture, smell, expectations
- Cones and rods: photoreceptors in retina, detecting light and color
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Description
Test your knowledge of biology fundamentals, covering topics such as diffusion, enzyme activity, metabolism, and the nervous system.
