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Questions and Answers
What waste product is produced from the deamination of amino acids in the liver?
What waste product is produced from the deamination of amino acids in the liver?
- Urea
- Bile
- Ammonia (correct)
- Creatinine
What is the primary role of immunosuppressant drugs in kidney transplant patients?
What is the primary role of immunosuppressant drugs in kidney transplant patients?
- To increase fluid retention
- To suppress the immune system (correct)
- To enhance kidney function
- To prevent blood clots
In dialysis, what factor allows urea and excess ions to move from the patient's blood into the dialysis fluid?
In dialysis, what factor allows urea and excess ions to move from the patient's blood into the dialysis fluid?
- Active transport
- Evaporation
- Concentration gradient (correct)
- Osmosis
Which of the following processes involves the conversion of ammonia to a less toxic substance?
Which of the following processes involves the conversion of ammonia to a less toxic substance?
What happens to amino acids in the liver after deamination?
What happens to amino acids in the liver after deamination?
Flashcards
Urea formation
Urea formation
Excess amino acids, not stored, are converted into urea, a less-toxic waste product.
Deamination
Deamination
Liver process removing amino acid nitrogen, creating ammonia.
Dialysis fluid function
Dialysis fluid function
Dialysis fluid pulls waste (ions, urea) from patient's blood via concentration gradient.
Immunosuppressants role
Immunosuppressants role
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Kidney transplant
Kidney transplant
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Study Notes
Amino Acids
- Urea is formed when the body's protein digestion produces an excess of amino acids, which cannot be stored.
- Deamination occurs in the liver, where amino acids lose nitrogen containing parts, producing ammonia.
- Ammonia is converted to less toxic urea, and excreted as urine.
- The liver also processes amino acids to create proteins like fibrinogen.
Dialysis
- Patients' blood flows over a semi-permeable membrane in a dialysis machine.
- The dialysis fluid is on the other side of the membrane.
- A concentration gradient is created allowing waste products and excess ions to diffuse from the blood to the dialysis fluid.
Immunosuppressants
- Patients who receive a donor kidney often take immunosuppressant drugs.
- These drugs prevent the body's immune system from attacking the foreign cells in the donor kidney.
Neurons
- There are three types of nerve cells.
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