Biology Overview

Biology is the scientific study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.
It explores the diversity of life, from molecules to ecosystems, and examines the interactions between organisms and their environment.

Botany: study of plants, including their structure, growth, evolution, classification, and interactions with the environment.
Zoology: study of animals, including their structure, behavior, evolution, classification, and interactions with the environment.
Microbiology: study of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and other microbes, including their structure, function, and interactions with the environment.
Ecology: study of the interactions between organisms and their environment, including the relationships between organisms and their physical surroundings.
Genetics: study of heredity, genes, and genetic variation, including the transmission of traits from one generation to the next.
Biochemistry: study of the chemical processes that occur within living organisms, including the structure and function of biomolecules.
Molecular Biology: study of the structure, function, and interactions of biological molecules, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins.

Carbohydrates: sugars, starches, and cellulose, which provide energy and structure for organisms.
Proteins: complex molecules that perform a wide range of functions, including enzymes, hormones, and structural proteins.
Lipids: fats, oils, and waxes, which provide energy and structure for organisms.
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA, which contain the genetic information necessary for life.

Cell Structure: cells are the basic units of life, consisting of a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material.
Cellular Processes: cells carry out a variety of functions, including metabolism, growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli.
Cell Division: cells divide to produce new cells through mitosis or meiosis.

Charles Darwin: proposed the theory of evolution through natural selection, which explains how species adapt and change over time.
Natural Selection: the process by which individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits on to their offspring.
Speciation: the process by which new species emerge from existing ones.

Ecosystem Components: living organisms (biotic factors) and non-living components (abiotic factors) interact to form ecosystems.
Energy Flow: energy is transferred from one organism to another through food chains and food webs.
Nutrient Cycling: nutrients are cycled through ecosystems, including nitrogen, carbon, and water.

Biology is the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.

Botany studies plants, including their structure, growth, evolution, classification, and interactions with the environment.
Zoology studies animals, including their structure, behavior, evolution, classification, and interactions with the environment.
Microbiology studies microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and other microbes, including their structure, function, and interactions with the environment.
Ecology studies the interactions between organisms and their environment, including the relationships between organisms and their physical surroundings.
Genetics studies heredity, genes, and genetic variation, including the transmission of traits from one generation to the next.
Biochemistry studies the chemical processes that occur within living organisms, including the structure and function of biomolecules.
Molecular Biology studies the structure, function, and interactions of biological molecules, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins.

Carbohydrates provide energy and structure for organisms, and include sugars, starches, and cellulose.
Proteins perform a wide range of functions, including enzymes, hormones, and structural proteins.
Lipids provide energy and structure for organisms, and include fats, oils, and waxes.
Nucleic Acids contain the genetic information necessary for life, and include DNA and RNA.

Cells are the basic units of life, consisting of a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material.
Cellular processes include metabolism, growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli.
Cell division occurs through mitosis or meiosis, producing new cells.

Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution through natural selection.
Natural Selection is the process by which individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits on to their offspring.
Speciation is the process by which new species emerge from existing ones.

Ecosystems consist of living organisms (biotic factors) and non-living components (abiotic factors) that interact.
Energy flows through ecosystems via food chains and food webs.
Nutrients are cycled through ecosystems, including nitrogen, carbon, and water.