Biology Metabolism Quiz

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What is the primary ingredient in energy drinks that promotes lipolysis?

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Creatine Phosphate

Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)

Caffeine (correct)

What is the result of excessive caffeine intake?

Enhanced concentration

Elevated heart rate and blood pressure (correct)

Improved sleep quality

Increased metabolism

What is the primary source of energy used directly by the cell?

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) (correct)

Inorganic Phosphate

Creatine Phosphate

Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)

What is the byproduct of ATP breakdown?

Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of creatine phosphate in the body?

To regenerate ATP from ADP Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk associated with mixing energy drinks with alcohol?

Doubled risk of injury and need for medical attention Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mitochondrion in the cell?

To generate energy for the cell through aerobic metabolism Signup and view all the answers

How many kilocalories per gram does alcohol contain?

7 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the 'building' of new substances that require energy?

Anabolism Signup and view all the answers

Where is alcohol primarily metabolized in the body?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sequence of reactions that convert compounds from one form to another in the production of energy?

Metabolic pathway Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of inborn errors of metabolism?

Buildup of toxins Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the liver in terms of metabolism?

To metabolize, store, and distribute nutrients after absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the 'breakdown' of molecules to produce energy?

Catabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of MEOS in the metabolism of alcohol?

Used when intake is high Signup and view all the answers

What happens to excess energy from alcohol in the body?

It is converted to fatty acids and stored as triglycerides Signup and view all the answers

What is the fluid portion of the cell where anaerobic metabolism takes place?

Cytosol Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of creatine phosphate in muscle cells?

To store energy in the form of high-energy compound Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for the brain and red blood cells?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which carbohydrates provide energy to the cell?

Glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of glycolysis that can be converted to acetyl CoA during aerobic metabolism?

Pyruvate Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which dietary fat (triglycerides) is broken down into fatty acids and glycerol?

Lipolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of fatty acids to be converted into ketone bodies?

Ketogenic Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of anaerobic metabolism?

To produce ATP quickly for short-duration activities Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which glycerol is converted to glucose?

Gluconeogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for muscle contractions?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are broken down to produce energy?

Metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of acetyl CoA in aerobic metabolism?

It is the gateway molecule for all energy nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the TCA cycle?

To gather electrons from the carbons in the energy nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the TCA cycle that is used to form new nonessential amino acids?

Alpha-ketoglutarate Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of ATP generated by the electron transport chain?

90% Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of flavoproteins in the electron transport chain?

They transfer electrons from one complex to another Signup and view all the answers

What happens to excess kilocalories when you eat too much?

They are stored as glycogen and adipose tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative fuel source used by the body during fasting or limited carbohydrate intake?

Ketone bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a build-up of excess ketone bodies in the blood?

Ketoacidosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for the body during fasting or starvation?

Fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the electron transport chain in the final stage of metabolism?

To transfer electrons from one complex to another Signup and view all the answers