8 Questions
What is the primary source of energy for the body?
Carbohydrates
What is the function of lipids in the body?
To fuel source during activity and manufacture EFA's
What is the function of proteins in the body?
To manufacture other proteins and act as hormones and enzymes
What is the daily recommended intake of fiber?
25-30 gm/day
What is the process by which the liver supplies sugar or glucose?
Glycogenolysis
What is the function of the hepatic portal circulation?
To collect absorbed nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract and direct them to the liver for processing
What is the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
The body's rate of energy expenditure in basal conditions
What is the response of the body when the external environment is cool/cold?
Shivering
Study Notes
Carbohydrates
- Classified as simple and complex
- Function: convert glucose to ATP, preferred source of energy
Lipids
- Classified as saturated and unsaturated (EFA)
- Functions: fuel source during activity, manufacture EFA's, transport fat-soluble vitamins, and cell functioning
- Next preferred source of energy
Proteins
- Classified as structural, functional, growth, and repair
- Function: manufacture other proteins, act as hormones, enzymes, and antibodies
- Least preferred source of energy
Fibre
- Daily requirement: 25-30 gm/day (both insoluble and soluble)
- Functions: move foods along the GI tract, reduce cholesterol, monitor BGL, and reduce risk of many cancers
- Not classified
Metabolism and the Liver
Glucose Production
- Liver supplies sugar or glucose through glycogenolysis (converting glycogen to glucose)
Hepatic Portal Circulation
- Ensures transfer of nutrients to the liver by collecting absorbed nutrients from the GI tract
- Directs them to the liver for processing before entering general circulation
Basal Metabolic Rate
Definition
- Basal metabolic rate (BMR): body's energy expenditure in basal conditions (awake, resting, postabsorptive, and warm environment)
Metabolic Hormone
- Insulin
Thermoregulation
- Body responds to cool/cold environment by shivering
Learn about the classification and functions of carbohydrates and lipids as sources of energy in the human body.
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