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Questions and Answers
What is the primary source of energy for the body?
What is the primary source of energy for the body?
- Fiber
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Carbohydrates (correct)
What is the function of lipids in the body?
What is the function of lipids in the body?
- To move foods along the GI tract
- To fuel source during activity and manufacture EFA's (correct)
- To convert glucose to ATP
- To manufacture other proteins
What is the function of proteins in the body?
What is the function of proteins in the body?
- To manufacture other proteins and act as hormones and enzymes (correct)
- To convert glucose to ATP
- To move foods along the GI tract
- To fuel source during activity
What is the daily recommended intake of fiber?
What is the daily recommended intake of fiber?
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What is the process by which the liver supplies sugar or glucose?
What is the process by which the liver supplies sugar or glucose?
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What is the function of the hepatic portal circulation?
What is the function of the hepatic portal circulation?
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What is the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
What is the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
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What is the response of the body when the external environment is cool/cold?
What is the response of the body when the external environment is cool/cold?
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Study Notes
Carbohydrates
- Classified as simple and complex
- Function: convert glucose to ATP, preferred source of energy
Lipids
- Classified as saturated and unsaturated (EFA)
- Functions: fuel source during activity, manufacture EFA's, transport fat-soluble vitamins, and cell functioning
- Next preferred source of energy
Proteins
- Classified as structural, functional, growth, and repair
- Function: manufacture other proteins, act as hormones, enzymes, and antibodies
- Least preferred source of energy
Fibre
- Daily requirement: 25-30 gm/day (both insoluble and soluble)
- Functions: move foods along the GI tract, reduce cholesterol, monitor BGL, and reduce risk of many cancers
- Not classified
Metabolism and the Liver
Glucose Production
- Liver supplies sugar or glucose through glycogenolysis (converting glycogen to glucose)
Hepatic Portal Circulation
- Ensures transfer of nutrients to the liver by collecting absorbed nutrients from the GI tract
- Directs them to the liver for processing before entering general circulation
Basal Metabolic Rate
Definition
- Basal metabolic rate (BMR): body's energy expenditure in basal conditions (awake, resting, postabsorptive, and warm environment)
Metabolic Hormone
- Insulin
Thermoregulation
- Body responds to cool/cold environment by shivering
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