Biology Levels of Organization and Tissues

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Questions and Answers

What is the smallest unit of life?

Cell (correct)

Tissue

Organism

Organ

Which type of tissue serves to connect, support, and protect other types of tissue?

Nervous tissue

Muscle tissue

Epithelial tissue

Connective tissue (correct)

What is the function of adipose tissue?

Transports nutrients and oxygen

Covers and lines organs

Stores energy and insulates the body (correct)

Supports the skeleton

Which of the following best describes blood tissue?

It is involved in transporting oxygen and waste products. Signup and view all the answers

What is the extracellular matrix?

A gel-like substance in connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connective tissue is involved in the formation of cartilage?

Cartilaginous tissue Signup and view all the answers

What appearance does adipose tissue have under a microscope?

White round spaces divided by lines Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue would you find in tendons and ligaments?

Connective tissue properly Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of bone tissue?

To form bones and support the body Signup and view all the answers

Which type of epithelial tissue forms protective barriers?

Covering epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes cardiac muscle tissue under the microscope?

It is striated with one nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes smooth muscle tissue?

It is non-striated with one nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of neurons in nervous tissue?

They transmit nerve impulses Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about glandular epithelium?

It forms secretory cells for hormones and substances Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue type connects and supports different body structures?

Connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which function is NOT vital for living organisms?

Assimilation of colors Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Levels of Organization in Biology

The smallest unit of life is a cell.
Cells combine to form tissues.
Tissues combine to form organs.
Organs work together to form organ systems.
Organ systems work together to form an organism.

Types of Tissues

Four types of tissues exist: connective tissue, muscle tissue, nervous tissue, and epithelial tissue.

Connective Tissue

Connective tissue consists of different types of cells immersed in a gel-like substance called the extracellular matrix.
Functions: connects, supports, and protects other types of tissue.
Examples: Connective tissue proper, Adipose tissue, Cartilaginous tissue, Blood tissue, Bone Tissue.

Connective Tissue Proper

Function: Connects, supports, and protects other types of tissue.
Examples: Dermis, tendons, and ligaments.

Adipose Tissue

Function: Stores energy in the form of lipids in cells called adipocytes.
Example: Helps to cushion and insulate the body.
Under a microscope, it appears as white, round spaces divided by lines.

Cartilaginous Tissue

Function: Supports the skeleton by forming cartilage.
Example: Under a microscope it appears as gruyere cheese.
Contains chondrocytes.

Blood Tissue

Function: Transports nutrients, oxygen, and waste products.
Example: Also involved in blood clotting and the immune response.

Bone Tissue

Function: Forms bones and supports the body.
Example: Under a microscope, the rings of a tree are present.

Epithelial Tissue

Epithelial cells are tightly packed together to form barriers between the body and the external environment and between distinct internal environments within the body.
Examples: Covering Epithelium and Glandular Epithelium

Covering and Lining Epithelium

Function: Covers the outside of the body (epidermis) and lines internal cavities (mucous membranes of the digestive tract and endothelium of the blood vessels).
Example: Under a microscope, cells usually have a cubic shape with a clear nucleus.

Glandular Epithelium

Function: Contains secretory cells that combine to form glands.
Example: Glands are organs that secrete substances such as hormones and sweat.
Under a microscope, the gland is shown as a clear space in the epithelium.

Nervous Tissue

Function: Transmits nerve impulses.
Example: Consists of specialized branch-like cells called neurons.
Neurons are protected by neuroglia cells that also provide necessary nutrients.

Muscle Tissue

Function: Muscle tissue is formed by cells called myocytes that are able to contract.
Examples: Cardiac muscle tissue, Skeletal muscle tissue, and Smooth muscle tissue.

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

Function: Makes up the heart muscle.
Example: This tissue contracts involuntarily and quickly, and is responsible for the heartbeat.
Under a microscope, the cells look striated and with a single nucleus.

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

Function: Makes up the muscles that cover the skeleton.
Example: Under a microscope, the cells look striated and with more than one nucleus.

Smooth Muscle Tissue

Function: Responsible for the movements of the intestines and other organs.
Example: Under a microscope, the cells are not striated, and with one nucleus.

Organ Systems

We need nutrition, interaction, and reproduction for living.
To perform these three vital functions, we need energy.
Every cell in our body needs energy.
The energy formula:
- This is not provided in the text, and may be explored in a different learning situation.

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Description

Explore the foundational concepts of the levels of organization in biology, from cells to organisms. This quiz covers the different types of tissues, particularly connective tissue and its functions. Test your knowledge on how these structures work together to maintain life.