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Questions and Answers
The prostomium is a small rounded projection that overhangs the anus.
The prostomium is a small rounded projection that overhangs the anus.
False
The setae are found in three distinct rows on the ventral surface of the worm.
The setae are found in three distinct rows on the ventral surface of the worm.
False
The leech has a well-developed head and parapodia.
The leech has a well-developed head and parapodia.
False
The cuticle is a thick and dry protective covering that prevents water loss.
The cuticle is a thick and dry protective covering that prevents water loss.
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The anus is located at the first segment of the worm.
The anus is located at the first segment of the worm.
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The excretory pores are found on the dorsal surface of each segment.
The excretory pores are found on the dorsal surface of each segment.
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The male pores are located on the ventral surface of segment XIV.
The male pores are located on the ventral surface of segment XIV.
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The setae are found in all segments of the worm, including the first and last segments.
The setae are found in all segments of the worm, including the first and last segments.
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The worm has a distinct head and a clitellum.
The worm has a distinct head and a clitellum.
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The setae point towards the anterior end of the worm.
The setae point towards the anterior end of the worm.
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Study Notes
Clam Dissection
- Obtain a slightly cooked clam from the laboratory.
- Examine the hard, external bivalve shell, with valves hinged together dorsally by the hinge ligament.
- Identify the mantle tissue, a thin outer covering of the body beneath the shell, and the foot, a muscular and wedge-shaped structure.
Internal Anatomy
- Loosen one side of the mantle by carefully separating it from one shell valve.
- Cut the anterior and posterior adductor muscles, which hold the valves together.
- Identify the incurrent siphon, where water enters, and the gills, which trap food particles brought into the mantle cavity.
Gills and Digestive System
- Lift the gills and identify the labial palps, mouth, intestine, and anus.
- The intestine is coiled and has dark contents, winding around the visceral mass.
- The anus is located posterior to the intestine and discharges into the excurrent siphon.
Visceral Mass and Foot
- Cut the visceral mass and foot into exact left and right halves and examine the cut surfaces.
- Identify the gonads, a yellowish pasty substance surrounding a portion of intestine.
- Identify the digestive gland, a greenish-brown structure dorsal and posterior to the mouth.
- Identify the stomach, a rounded area surrounded by digestive glands.
Molluscan Diversity
- Mollusks are divided into five classes: Amphineura, Scaphopoda, Gastropoda, Pelecypoda, and Cephalopoda.
- Examine the following mollusks: chitons, snails, and squid.
Annelids
- Annelids are characterized by numerous ring-like segments.
- The phylum name means "little rings".
- Internal arrangement of muscles, nerve, blood vessels, excretory ducts, and reproductive organs exhibit segmentation.
Earthworm
- The common earthworm lives in moist rich soil and is nocturnal.
- Identify the dorsal side, marked by the presence of a darker, median blackish line called the dorsal blood vessel.
- Locate the clitellum, a conspicuous swollen band covering several segments that identifies the anterior third of the worm.
Earthworm Anatomy
- Identify the mouth, prostomium, segments, setae, cuticle, anus, excretory pores, male pores, and female pore.
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Description
Get ready to dive into the world of marine biology! In this quiz, you'll learn how to dissect and identify the different parts of a clam shell. From the hinge ligament to the mantle tissue, test your knowledge of these fascinating creatures.
