31 Questions
What is the main purpose of homeostasis in a living organism?
To regulate the internal environment for normal cellular activities
What is the internal environment in multicellular organisms like mammals?
Tissue fluid
What is the type of mechanism that achieves homeostasis in biological systems?
Negative feedback mechanism
What is the role of the receptor in a homeostatic mechanism?
To detect a change in the internal environment
What is the sequence of events in a homeostatic mechanism?
Input -> Receptor -> Coordinator -> Effector
What is the outcome of a negative feedback mechanism in biological systems?
A restoration of the internal environment to its original normal level
What is the role of the effector in a feedback loop?
To carry out the action that restores the normal set point
What is the result of continuous monitoring of parameters by receptors in a negative feedback mechanism?
Oscillations around a normal set point
What is the characteristic of thermoregulation in endothermic/homoiothermic/warm-blooded animals?
They are able to maintain a fairly constant body temperature
What is the outcome of a positive feedback mechanism?
A further increase in the deviation from the normal set point
What is the role of the sensor in a feedback loop?
To detect a deviation from the normal set point
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
To regulate blood pH and osmoregulation
What is the process of separating large molecules from small molecules in the glomerulus?
Glomerular ultrafiltration
What is the purpose of the loops of Henle in the kidney?
To regulate water reabsorption
What is the percentage of water in normal human urine?
95 per cent
What is the role of the adrenal gland in times of danger, stress, or cold?
To produce adrenaline and noradrenaline for gluconeogenesis
What is the purpose of tubular secretion in the nephron?
To secrete substances like hydrogen ions and potassium ions
What is the function of the Bowman's capsule in the nephron?
To filter waste products from the blood
What is the purpose of gluconeogenesis in the liver?
To maintain blood glucose levels
What is the name of the vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the kidney to the posterior vena cava?
Renal vein
What is the term for the voluntary controlled release of urine?
Micturition
What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in regulating body temperature?
To control the body's heat gain and loss centres
What happens when the body detects an increase in environmental temperature?
The heat loss centre in the anterior hypothalamus is activated
What is the purpose of vasodilation in thermoregulation?
To increase blood flow to the skin's surface
What is the role of the liver in maintaining blood glucose levels?
To store glycogen and release glucose as needed
What is the function of insulin in regulating blood glucose levels?
To increase glucose uptake in cells
What happens when blood glucose levels fall below normal?
Glucagon secretion is stimulated
What is the function of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas?
To secrete hormones regulating blood glucose levels
What is the purpose of shivering in thermoregulation?
To increase heat production through muscle contraction
What is the role of the afferent nerves in thermoregulation?
To transmit signals from the skin to the CNS
What is the primary function of the pilo-erector muscles in thermoregulation?
To trap a thicker layer of insulating air
Learn about the concept of homeostasis, its importance in maintaining a constant internal environment, and how it enables organisms to thrive in different habitats. Discover how homeostatic mechanisms regulate physical and chemical conditions in the body.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
