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Questions and Answers
What is the hindbrain?
What is the hindbrain?
The most caudal division which includes the cerebellum, pons, and medulla; responsible for involuntary processes: blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, breathing, sleep cycles.
What is the midbrain?
What is the midbrain?
The middle division of the brain lying between the hindbrain and forebrain responsible for hearing and sight; includes parts of the temporal lobe, occipital lobe, and most of the parietal lobe.
What is the forebrain?
What is the forebrain?
The top of the brain which includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex; responsible for emotional regulation, complex thought, and memory aspect of personality.
What is the brainstem?
What is the brainstem?
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What is the medulla?
What is the medulla?
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What is metencephalon?
What is metencephalon?
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What are nuclei?
What are nuclei?
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What is the reticular formation?
What is the reticular formation?
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What is the pons?
What is the pons?
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What is the cerebellum?
What is the cerebellum?
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What does the cochlear nucleus control?
What does the cochlear nucleus control?
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What does the vestibular nucleus do?
What does the vestibular nucleus do?
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What are raphe nuclei involved in?
What are raphe nuclei involved in?
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What is the locus coeruleus?
What is the locus coeruleus?
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What is the mesencephalon?
What is the mesencephalon?
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What is the tectum?
What is the tectum?
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What is the tegmentum?
What is the tegmentum?
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What is the cerebral aqueduct?
What is the cerebral aqueduct?
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What is the periaqueductal gray?
What is the periaqueductal gray?
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What is the red nucleus?
What is the red nucleus?
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What is the substantia nigra?
What is the substantia nigra?
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What are superior colliculi?
What are superior colliculi?
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What are inferior colliculi?
What are inferior colliculi?
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Study Notes
Hindbrain
- Caudal division of the brain comprising cerebellum, pons, and medulla.
- Controls involuntary processes: blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, breathing, and sleep cycles.
Midbrain
- Central division of the brain positioned between hindbrain and forebrain.
- Involved in processing hearing and sight; location where pain is registered.
- Comprises temporal lobe, occipital lobe, and most of the parietal lobe.
Forebrain
- Uppermost part of the brain, includes thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex.
- Responsible for emotional regulation, complex thought processes, and memory related to personality.
Brainstem
- Lower third of the brain, includes both hindbrain and midbrain.
Medulla
- Lower part of the brain responsible for vital functions.
Metencephalon
- Encompasses the cerebellum and pons.
Nuclei
- Collections of nerve cell bodies located in the central nervous system.
Reticular Formation
- Brain structure that regulates sleep, wakefulness, and arousal levels.
Pons
- Structure located in the metencephalon, situated between the medulla and midbrain.
Cerebellum
- Known as the "little brain," located at the rear of the brainstem.
- Coordinates voluntary movement, balance, muscle tone, and some types of learning.
Cochlear Nucleus
- Controls sound processing from the inner ear.
Vestibular Nucleus
- Group of cell bodies in the pons that receive sensory input regarding the head's location and movement.
Raphe Nuclei
- Nuclei in the pons involved in regulating sleep and arousal.
Locus Coeruleus
- Structure in the pons that plays a role in arousal.
Mesencephalon
- Middle portion of the brain.
Tectum
- Roof structure of the midbrain.
Tegmentum
- Ventral covering of the midbrain.
Cerebral Aqueduct
- Small canal connecting the third and fourth ventricles of the brain.
Periaqueductal Gray
- Gray matter surrounding the cerebral aqueduct, processes pain information, and generates coping behaviors in response to pain.
Red Nucleus
- Structure within the reticular formation that communicates motor information between the spinal cord and cerebellum.
Substantia Nigra
- Pair of tegmental sensorimotor nuclei with dark-pigmented neurons, involved in movement regulation.
Superior Colliculi
- Pair of bumps on the dorsal surface coordinating visually guided movements and visual reflexes.
Inferior Colliculi
- Pair of bumps on the dorsal surface that process auditory information.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the brain's anatomy with these flashcards focused on the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain. Learn important definitions and functions associated with each part of the brain. Ideal for students preparing for biology exams.