Biology Glycolysis Overview

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Questions and Answers

Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?

Mitochondria

Cytoplasm (correct)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Nucleus

How many ATP molecules are produced during glycolysis?

2 (correct)

What is the end product of glycolysis?

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Pyruvate (correct)

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Glucose

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true?

Glycolysis is an anaerobic process. Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is formed directly after the phosphorylation of glucose?

Glucose-6-phosphate Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the fructose-1,6-bisphosphate during glycolysis?

It is split into two 3-carbon molecules. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an intermediate product formed during the first half of glycolysis?

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Signup and view all the answers

During the conversion of G3P to pyruvate, what energy carrier is generated?

NADH Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that generates ATP through redox reactions during cellular respiration?

Oxidative phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

How much energy is required to create the bond in the phosphorylation process?

31 kJ Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction describes the conversion of glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy?

Exergonic reaction Signup and view all the answers

Where do the stages with the highest ATP production during cellular respiration occur?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What is the total ATP yield from one molecule of glucose during cellular respiration?

36 ATP Signup and view all the answers

In glycolysis, how much net ATP is produced after accounting for the investment phase?

2 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What role do electron carriers play during cellular respiration?

Facilitate the transfer of electrons between compounds Signup and view all the answers

What kind of phosphorylation takes place during the Krebs cycle?

Substrate-level phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

What is produced as a result of the conversion of G3P in reactions 6-7 of glycolysis?

2 molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is produced directly from the oxidation of G3P?

NADH Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a result of the rearrangement of 3PG in glycolysis?

Formation of phosphoenolpyruvate Signup and view all the answers

Which step in glycolysis results in the loss of a high-energy phosphate group?

Formation of pyruvate from PEP Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of glycolysis per molecule of glucose processed?

2 ATP and 2 NADH Signup and view all the answers

What does the 1st Law of Thermodynamics state?

Energy can only be transformed from one form to another. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of metabolic reaction is characterized by 'building up'?

Anabolic reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of ATP in living cells?

To serve as a primary energy source. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the hydrolysis of ATP?

Energy is released when bonds between phosphate groups are broken. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes exergonic reactions from endergonic reactions?

Exergonic products store less energy than reactants, while endergonic do the opposite. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of activation energy in chemical reactions?

It destabilizes existing chemical bonds to allow new bonds to form. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly identifies the difference between catabolic and anabolic reactions?

Catabolic reactions break down molecules and release energy, while anabolic reactions build up molecules and require energy. Signup and view all the answers

Why do biological reactions often require a catalyst?

To decrease the activation energy required to initiate the reaction. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Glycolysis

Occurs in the cytoplasm of cells
Breaks down glucose (6 carbons) into two pyruvate molecules (3 carbons)
Requires 2 ATP to begin the process, but produces 4 ATP
Does not require oxygen to function
Consists of 10 reactions, each catalyzed by a specific enzyme
Reactions 1-3 use 2 ATP to prepare glucose for splitting
Reactions 4-5 split fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two 3-carbon molecules: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)
DHAP is converted into G3P, giving two G3P molecules which continue through the remaining reactions
Reactions 6-7 are important for making energy by converting G3P to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)
G3P is oxidized and phosphorylated which releases NADH and ATP
Reactions 8-10 rearrange and dehydrate to produce 2 more ATP per G3P molecule and result in pyruvate
Glycolysis has a net gain of 2 ATP and produces 2 NADH per glucose molecule

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Description

Test your knowledge on glycolysis with this quiz covering its key processes and reactions. Understand how glucose is broken down into pyruvate, the energy investment and payoff phases, and the role of enzymes. Designed for biology students, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of cellular respiration.