Biology: Fungi and Vertebrates
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of fungal infections worldwide?

  • Invertebrates
  • Vertebrates
  • Candida (correct)
  • Protozoa

    • What is the scientific classification of Candida?

  • Bacteria
  • Protozoa
  • Yeast (correct)
  • Fungus

    • What is the classification of organisms that are not vertebrates?

  • Mammals
  • Vertebrates
  • Reptiles
  • Invertebrates (correct)

    • What is the genus of yeasts that is commonly associated with fungal infections?

    <p>Candida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for animals with a backbone?

    <p>Vertebrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of reptiles?

    <p>Their skin is covered in scales and some have a shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of birds?

    <p>They have feathers and wings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of mammals?

    <p>Their body is covered in skin and fur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do invertebrates lack?

    <p>A spinal column or a skeleton made of bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do reptiles live?

    <p>Both on land and in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do birds breathe?

    <p>Through lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of mammals' babies?

    <p>They feed on their mother's milk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do birds live?

    <p>Both on land and in air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk when the mucosal barriers are disrupted?

    <p>The immune system is exposed to risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most commonly isolated species that can cause infections in humans and other animals?

    <p>Candida albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the infection caused by Candida albicans?

    <p>Candidiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the mucosal barriers are disrupted and Candida albicans is present?

    <p>The Candida albicans causes infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between Candida albicans and its hosts?

    <p>Candida albicans is a commensal symbiont</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the total animals identified in the entire animal kingdom do invertebrates make up?

    <p>98%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the feature that unites all chordates?

    <p>Presence of a flexible supporting rod</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many species of invertebrates have been identified?

    <p>2 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of habitats can invertebrates be found in?

    <p>In a vast range of habitats, from forests and deserts to caves and seabed mud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common characteristic of all invertebrates?

    <p>They all lack a backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the subject being taught in the 16th and 17th lectures of F2?

    <p>Human Biology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which university is the course being taught at?

    <p>Albayan University</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the language of the word 'ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻼت'?

    <p>Arabic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the year of the students taking the course?

    <p>1st year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the title of the lecturer teaching the course?

    <p>Dr.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Yeast (Candida)

    • Candida is a genus of yeasts and is the most common cause of fungal infections worldwide.
    • Candida can cause infections (candidiasis or thrush) in humans and other animals when the host's immune system is compromised.
    • Candida albicans is the most commonly isolated species.

    Vertebrates

    • Vertebrates include reptiles, birds, and mammals.

    Reptiles

    • Live on land and some in water.
    • Breathe through lungs.
    • Skin is covered in scales and some have a shell.

    Birds

    • Live on land and in air.
    • Breathe through lungs.
    • Have feathers and wings.

    Mammals

    • Live on land and some in water.
    • Breathe through lungs.
    • Body is covered in skin and fur.
    • Babies feed on their mother's milk.

    Invertebrates

    • Are animals that do not have a spinal column or a skeleton made of bones.
    • Found in a vast range of habitats, from forests and deserts, to caves and seabed mud.
    • Nearly 2 million species of invertebrates have been identified.
    • These 2 million species make up about 98% of the total animals identified in the entire animal kingdom.

    Similarities between Vertebrates and Invertebrates

    • The feature uniting all chordates (all vertebrates and some invertebrates) is that at some stage in their lives, all have a flexible supporting rod, a notochord that runs through the length of their bodies.

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    Related Documents

    H. Biology 1st Year 2020-2024 Past Paper (Albayan University) PDF

    Description

    Learn about Candida yeast, a common cause of fungal infections, and get introduced to vertebrates, including reptiles, birds, and mammals.

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