Questions and Answers
What does mRNA stand for?
What is the function of tRNA?
Transports amino acids
What does rRNA stand for?
Ribosomal
Define protein synthesis.
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What is the A site in ribosomes?
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What is the P site in ribosomes?
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What is the E site in ribosomes?
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What is a codon?
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What is an anticodon?
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What is a triplet code?
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Study Notes
mRNA (Messenger RNA)
- Transcription product that carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.
- Contains codons, which are sequences of three nucleotides that specify amino acids.
tRNA (Transfer RNA)
- Responsible for transporting specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
- Contains anticodons, which are sequences of three bases complementary to the mRNA codons.
rRNA (Ribosomal RNA)
- Primary component of ribosomes, facilitating the translation process.
- Plays a crucial role in the assembly of amino acids into polypeptides.
Protein Synthesis
- A complex series of chemical reactions that result in the formation of proteins by linking amino acids through peptide bonds.
A Site (Aminoacyl Site)
- The first binding site in a ribosome where tRNA carrying the next amino acid attaches during translation.
P Site (Peptidyl Site)
- The second binding site within the ribosome where the tRNA carrying the growing peptide chain is located.
E Site (Exit Site)
- The third and final binding site in the ribosome, where empty tRNA exits after contributing to protein synthesis.
Codon
- A sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that encodes a specific amino acid or a stop signal in the translation process.
Anticodon
- A set of three tRNA bases that pair with the complementary codon on mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
Triplet Code
- Refers to the basic unit of genetic code consisting of three nucleotides in either DNA or RNA, determining which amino acid will be added during protein synthesis.
Histone
- A type of protein that packages and organizes DNA into structural units called nucleosomes, acting like "glue" to stabilize the structure of DNA.
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Description
This quiz features flashcards focused on key terms related to RNA and protein synthesis. Each flashcard provides a concise definition of crucial components such as mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. Test your understanding of these essential biological concepts.
