53 Questions
What was the significant contribution of HeLa cells to medical science?
Development of the polio vaccine
Why are viruses a significant tool in cancer research?
They help in understanding the molecular basis of cancer
What is the primary use of HeLa cells in medical research?
Studying infectious diseases
Why are HeLa cells considered important in biomedical research?
They have contributed to the development of gene therapy techniques
What role did HeLa cells play in the study of polio?
They provided a human cell line for studying the polio virus
How have HeLa cells influenced modern medicine?
By aiding in the development of various vaccines and medications
What is the technique used to observe the movement and diffusion of proteins within live cells by bleaching a fluorescently labeled molecule in a small region of a cell?
FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching)
Which technique involves separating cellular components based on size and density, by breaking cells apart and using centrifugation?
Subcellular fractionation
Which type of microscopy is the most appropriate for observing the detailed internal structure of a virus?
Electron microscopy
Which organism has been pivotal in understanding the genetics of development due to its relatively simple genome and fast reproductive cycle?
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)
What does GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) tagging involve?
Attaching a fluorescent protein to a protein of interest in order to observe their location and movement within cells
What has research on the Rous sarcoma virus led to the discovery of?
Oncogenes – genes that can transform a cell into a cancer cell when mutated or expressed at high levels
Which microscopy technique is better for live cells but does not provide resolution for virus internal structure?
Phase-contrast microscopy
Which viruses are known to be direct causes of specific types of cancer?
HPV and hepatitis B and C viruses
What does subcellular fractionation allow researchers to analyze?
Biochemical properties of cell organelles
Which model organism is primarily used to understand fundamental biological processes?
C. elegans
Why is E. coli primarily used in genetic research?
It has a fast growth rate and simple genetics
What is the primary characteristic of HeLa cells that makes them useful in research?
They can divide indefinitely in culture
What is the primary purpose of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)?
To measure the distance between two molecules within cells
Why is Arabidopsis thaliana a popular model organism in plant biology?
Due to its small genome and short life cycle
What is the primary purpose of FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching) technique?
To observe the movement and diffusion of proteins within live cells
What is the technique used to tag specific proteins to observe their location and movement within cells?
GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) tagging
Which type of microscopy is the most appropriate for observing the detailed internal structure of a virus?
Electron microscopy
What is the primary contribution of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) in understanding genetics?
Understanding the genetics of development
What was the significant discovery resulting from research on the Rous sarcoma virus?
Discovery of oncogenes
What is the primary purpose of subcellular fractionation?
To separate cellular components based on size and density
What does fluorescence microscopy enable researchers to visualize within cells?
Specific molecules
What is the primary use of viruses in cancer research?
To provide insights into the molecular basis of cancer
What is the primary use of subcellular fractionation in research?
To analyze the biochemical properties of different cell organelles
Why are HeLa cells considered immortal and useful in research?
They can divide indefinitely in culture
What is the primary reason for using E. coli in genetic research?
Fast growth rate and simple genetics
Why is Arabidopsis thaliana a popular model organism in plant biology?
Small genome and short life cycle
What is the primary purpose of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in research?
To measure the distance between two molecules within cells
What is the main limitation of phase-contrast microscopy in observing virus internal structure?
It does not provide sufficient resolution for virus internal structure
What is the significant role of certain viruses, such as HPV and hepatitis B and C viruses, in cancer?
They are known to be direct causes of specific types of cancer
What is the main focus of model organisms like C. elegans and Drosophila in research?
Understanding fundamental biological processes
What is the primary characteristic of viruses in cancer research?
They are known to be direct causes of specific types of cancer
What is the primary contribution of HeLa cells to medical science?
Development of the polio vaccine
What makes viruses a significant tool in cancer research?
They help in understanding the molecular basis of cancer
What is the technique used to observe the movement and diffusion of proteins within live cells by bleaching a fluorescently labeled molecule in a small region of a cell?
FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching)
What has research on the Rous sarcoma virus led to the discovery of?
Understanding of cancer-causing genes
Why is E. coli primarily used in genetic research?
Because it is a model organism for understanding genetics
What is the primary contribution of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) in understanding genetics?
Revealing fundamental principles of inheritance
What is the main focus of model organisms like C. elegans and Drosophila in research?
Understanding fundamental biological processes
What is the primary purpose of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in research?
To study protein-protein interactions and molecular associations
What is the primary use of HeLa cells in medical research?
Investigating the molecular basis of cancer
Why are viruses a significant tool in cancer research?
They help in understanding the molecular basis of cancer
What role did HeLa cells play in the study of polio?
They were used to develop the polio vaccine
What does subcellular fractionation allow researchers to analyze?
The separation and study of different cellular components
What is the primary purpose of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)?
Studying the molecular interactions within live cells
What has research on the Rous sarcoma virus led to the discovery of?
The molecular basis of cancer
What makes viruses a significant tool in cancer research?
They help in understanding the molecular basis of cancer
Which microscopy technique is better for live cells but does not provide resolution for virus internal structure?
Fluorescence microscopy
Study Notes
Biology Exam Prep: Key Concepts and Details
- Phase-contrast microscopy is better for live cells, while it does not provide the resolution for virus internal structure.
- Certain viruses, such as HPV and hepatitis B and C viruses, are known to be direct causes of specific types of cancer.
- Subcellular fractionation allows researchers to analyze the biochemical properties of different cell organelles.
- Model organisms like C. elegans and Drosophila are primarily used to understand fundamental biological processes.
- E. coli is primarily used in genetic research due to its fast growth rate and simple genetics.
- HeLa cells are immortal, meaning they can divide indefinitely in culture, making them useful in research.
- Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) is primarily used to measure the distance between two molecules within cells.
- Arabidopsis thaliana is a popular model organism in plant biology due to its small genome and short life cycle.
- Viruses are not mainly used as a treatment for cancer, and most cancer drugs were not developed directly from virus research.
- Subcellular fractionation does not involve magnification and is not used for genetic sequencing.
- Model organisms like C. elegans and Drosophila are not primarily used for testing pharmaceutical drugs or to produce antibodies for research.
- E. coli does not have a large and complex genome, its genetic material is not similar to that of humans, and it does not produce human-like proteins.
Biology Exam Prep: Key Concepts and Details
- Phase-contrast microscopy is better for live cells, while it does not provide the resolution for virus internal structure.
- Certain viruses, such as HPV and hepatitis B and C viruses, are known to be direct causes of specific types of cancer.
- Subcellular fractionation allows researchers to analyze the biochemical properties of different cell organelles.
- Model organisms like C. elegans and Drosophila are primarily used to understand fundamental biological processes.
- E. coli is primarily used in genetic research due to its fast growth rate and simple genetics.
- HeLa cells are immortal, meaning they can divide indefinitely in culture, making them useful in research.
- Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) is primarily used to measure the distance between two molecules within cells.
- Arabidopsis thaliana is a popular model organism in plant biology due to its small genome and short life cycle.
- Viruses are not mainly used as a treatment for cancer, and most cancer drugs were not developed directly from virus research.
- Subcellular fractionation does not involve magnification and is not used for genetic sequencing.
- Model organisms like C. elegans and Drosophila are not primarily used for testing pharmaceutical drugs or to produce antibodies for research.
- E. coli does not have a large and complex genome, its genetic material is not similar to that of humans, and it does not produce human-like proteins.
Test your knowledge of key concepts and details in biology with this exam prep quiz. Explore topics such as microscopy, viruses and cancer, subcellular fractionation, model organisms, genetic research, immortal cells, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and plant biology. Sharpen your understanding of important biological principles with this comprehensive quiz.
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