Biology Evolution and Taxonomy Quiz

False (B)

phylogeny

<p>binomial</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fusiform (spindle) shape of a dolphin and a fish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>genus, species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phylogeny = The evolutionary history of a species or group Homology = Character similarity due to common ancestry Homoplasy = Non-homologous character similarity Cladistics = A method of classifying organisms based on shared characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lack of a body cavity and having parenchyma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>coelom</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pseudocoel</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flatworm = Acoelomate Roundworm = Pseudocoelomate Earthworm = Coelomate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A phylogenetic diagram based on cladistic analysis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>clade</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Comparative ecology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A shared, derived trait. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cladistics = Evaluation of information for tree building and classification Cladogram = Phylogenetic diagram based on cladistic analysis Polarity = Ancestral/descendent relationships among different states of a character Outgroup comparison = Examines polarity of a character state</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bilateral symmetry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cephalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>coelom</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prevents all injuries to external organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chordates = Bilateral Cnidarians = Radial Sponges = Asymmetry Echinoderms = Radial</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cellular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>sagittal plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>parenchyma and stroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>accessory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymphatic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, or pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protoplasmic = All life functions within a single cell Cellular = Aggregation of cells with functional differentiation Cell-tissue = Aggregation of cells into tissues with definite patterns Organ-system = Organs work together to perform a function</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Annelids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>acoelomate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>peritoneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Annelids = Coelomate Nematodes = Pseudocoelomate Flatworms = Acoelomate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells → Tissues → Organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>bilateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

The science of classifying organisms into groups based on similarities.

The two-part scientific naming system for species, e.g., Genus species.

The evolutionary history and relationships among species.

Similarity in characteristics due to shared ancestry.

Similarity in traits not due to common ancestry; can mislead classification.

A method of classification based on shared derived characteristics.

Differences in traits among organisms used to analyze evolution.

The development of similar traits in unrelated species due to similar environments.

Life functions within a single cell with differentiated organelles.

Aggregation of cells with functional differentiation; includes colonial and multicellular forms.

Cells aggregate into tissues with definite patterns or layers.

Tissues aggregate to form organs, composed of more than one tissue type.

Organs work together as a system to perform specific functions.

A system that includes the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs for digestion.

An organization of like cells, forming the fundamental structure of organs.

Eleven systems that support various body functions within animals.

Organisms with no body cavity (coelom), having only parenchyma.

Organisms with a pseudocoel, a body cavity not lined with mesodermal peritoneum.

Organisms with a true coelom, a body cavity lined with peritoneum from mesoderm.

The middle tissue layer in embryonic development, which forms the coelom.

A type of body cavity found in pseudocoelomates, not fully lined with mesoderm.

A phylogenetic diagram derived from cladistic analysis.

A group of organisms that includes the most recent common ancestor and all its descendants.

Ancestral/descendent relationships among different character states.

Examines polarity by comparing character states to a reference group.

A shared derived character unique to a clade.

Study of shapes and sizes of organismal structures to understand relationships.

Analysis of gene and protein sequences to understand evolutionary relationships.

Body design with left and right halves divided along a sagittal plane.

An anatomical plane dividing the body into left and right parts.

The development of a head region where sensory organs are concentrated.

A fluid-filled body cavity between the outer body wall and the gut.

Allows organs to grow, protects them, and acts as hydrostatic support.

Support structure found in soft-bodied animals, using fluid pressure.

Includes chordates, arthropods, annelids, and others exhibiting bilateral symmetry.

The structural organization of an organism, including features like symmetry and internal cavities.

The balanced proportions of an organism's body structure, classified into types: asymmetry, spherical, radial, bilateral.

Organisms with complex cells that contain a nucleus and are part of the Domain Eukarya.

Multicellular organisms that are part of the animal kingdom, excluding unicellular life.