Biology EOT Review
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three domains of life?

  • Bacteria
  • Eukaryotae
  • Archaea
  • Fungi (correct)

The science of classifying organisms is known as genetics.

False (B)

Name the five kingdoms in biological classification.

Prokaryotae, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

The acronym for the characteristics of life is _____

<p>CRIMINER</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of energy is transferred between trophic levels?

<p>10% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics of life with their descriptions:

<p>Growth = An increase in size or mass Respiration = The release of energy from food Irritability = Response to stimuli Reproduction = Production of offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

The shape of the pyramid of biomass is usually inverted.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process by which plants absorb carbon dioxide?

<p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of symbiosis benefits both organisms involved?

<p>Mutualism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The hawks are estimated to have a biomass of ______.

<p>5000</p> Signup and view all the answers

In commensalism, one organism benefits while the other is harmed.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the carbon cycle with their functions:

<p>CO2 in Air = Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere Photosynthesis = Process that absorbs CO2 Respiration = Process that releases CO2 Decomposers = Return carbon to soil/environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a parasitic relationship?

<p>Flea and dog</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ of numbers can take any shape.

<p>pyramid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organisms to their type of symbiosis:

<p>Bee = Flower Remora = Shark Flea = Dog</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary negative impact of overfishing?

<p>Destroys food chains and ecosystems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Non-biodegradable materials can be broken down by decomposers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the greenhouse gases responsible for trapping heat near the Earth's surface called?

<p>Greenhouse gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of _____ causes long-term alterations in Earth's average weather patterns.

<p>climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following resources with their negative impacts:

<p>Forest = Deforestation Energy (Fossil Fuels) = Greenhouse gas emissions Marine (Sea) = Oil pollution Mineral = Overextracting</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following kingdoms contains organisms that have no nucleus?

<p>Prokaryota (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All fungi are unicellular organisms.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one organism that belongs to the Protista kingdom.

<p>Amoeba</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Prokaryota kingdom, the DNA is located in the ______.

<p>cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organisms with their respective kingdoms:

<p>E. coli = Prokaryota Amoeba = Protista Yeast = Fungi Mushroom = Fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following features distinguishes mammals from birds?

<p>Fur or wool (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All members of the Phylum Chordata are warm-blooded.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main classes of the Phylum Arthropoda?

<p>Insects, Arachnids, Crustaceans</p> Signup and view all the answers

Birds and mammals both use ______ for respiration.

<p>lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the animal class with its characteristic feature:

<p>Fish = Gills for respiration Amphibian = Skin as body covering Reptile = Cold-blooded Birds = Warm-blooded with feathers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Live Transect?

<p>To sample a changing environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Belt Transects can only determine the frequency of species occurrence.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List one advantage of recycling.

<p>Prevents pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

One way to minimize trash generation is to _____.

<p>reduce</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following advantages and disadvantages of recycling:

<p>Conserves energy = Advantage High costs = Disadvantage Prevents pollution = Advantage Time-consuming process = Disadvantage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'habitat' refer to?

<p>All organisms of one species living in one area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An ecosystem includes only biotic factors in an area.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method involves using a square frame to measure plant and animal quantities?

<p>Quadrat</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of biotic and abiotic interactions in a specific area is known as an ______.

<p>ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ecological terms with their definitions:

<p>Territory = Place where an organism lives Population = All organisms of one species living in one area Community = All the different species in an area Ecological Niche = The role of an organism in the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can negatively affect population growth?

<p>Disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

High temperatures can lead to coral bleaching.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the number of deaths and the number of births in a population over time?

<p>They are compared to determine population growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Coral growth is limited by __________ caused by changes in ocean chemistry.

<p>ocean acidification</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following population factors with their effects:

<p>Disease = Reduces population size due to increased mortality Predators = Limits population size by increasing death rates Food availability = Influences growth based on abundance Space = Affects carrying capacity of the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Chilopoda and Diplopoda?

<p>Chilopoda has more legs per segment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A food chain represents an interconnected series of feeding relationships among organisms.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one example of a scavenger.

<p>Vulture</p> Signup and view all the answers

A __________ is an animal that consumes both plants and animals.

<p>omnivore</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>Herbivore = Eats plants only Carnivore = Eats animals only Scavenger = Eats dead organisms Decomposer = Feeds on dead organisms and releases nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Taxonomy definition

The science of classifying organisms.

3 Domains

Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryotae are the fundamental groupings of life.

Characteristics of Life

Essential qualities defining living things (e.g., growth, feeding, response to stimuli).

Organism Classification

Categorizing organisms based on shared traits.

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Growth

An increase in size or mass of an organism.

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Symbiosis definition

A close relationship between two different species.

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Mutualism example

Both species benefit in this relationship.

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Commensalism description

One species benefits, the other is unaffected.

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Parasite relationship

One species benefits, the other is harmed.

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Pyramid of Numbers

Shows how many organisms of each trophic level exist in an ecosystem.

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Pyramid of Biomass

A diagram showing the total mass of organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem.

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Trophic Level

A feeding level in an ecosystem, where organisms obtain their energy from the same source.

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Energy Flow in Ecosystems

The movement of energy through different trophic levels, with a loss of about 90% at each step.

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Carbon Cycle

The continuous movement of carbon atoms through Earth's living and nonliving systems.

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Fossil Fuels

Stored carbon from ancient organisms, released as CO2 when burned.

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Biodegradable

Materials that can be broken down by decomposers, like bacteria and fungi, into simpler substances.

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Vertebrate

An animal with a backbone or spinal column.

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Insects

Arthropods with 3 pairs of legs, 2 pairs of wings, and a body divided into three sections.

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Non-biodegradable

Materials that cannot be broken down by decomposers, persisting in the environment for a long time.

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Overfishing

Catching fish at a faster rate than they can reproduce, leading to a decline in fish populations and disruption of marine ecosystems.

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Arachnids

Arthropods with 4 pairs of legs and no wings.

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Crustaceans

Arthropods with 4-10 pairs of legs, a hard shell, and a first pair of legs that are pincers.

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Greenhouse Effect

The process where greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun, warming the Earth's surface.

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Cold-blooded

Animals whose body temperature changes based on the environment.

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Climate Change

Long-term changes in Earth's average weather patterns, including temperature, precipitation, and wind patterns.

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Prokaryote

A cell without a nucleus, where DNA is free in the cytoplasm.

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Eukaryote

A cell with a nucleus that contains DNA.

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Protista Example

Amoeba is a single-celled organism that belongs to the Protista kingdom.

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Fungi Kingdom

This kingdom includes organisms like yeast, bread mold, and all mushrooms.

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What is unique about Prokaryota cells?

They lack a nucleus, meaning their DNA is not contained within a separate membrane-bound structure.

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What is a territory?

A specific area where an organism lives and defends.

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What's the difference between a habitat and a population?

A habitat is the place where a species lives, while a population includes all individuals of that species in a given area.

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What's an ecological niche?

The role of an organism within its environment, including what it eats, how it interacts with other organisms, and its habitat.

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What's the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?

Biotic factors are living things, while abiotic factors are non-living components of the environment.

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How does quadrat sampling work?

A square frame is used to sample a specific area, counting organisms and measuring their abundance.

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Chilopoda

A type of arthropod with more than 10 pairs of legs and one pair of legs per segment.

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Diplopoda

A type of arthropod with more than 10 pairs of legs and two pairs of legs per segment.

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Dichotomous Key

A tool used to identify organisms by asking a series of questions with two possible answers at each step.

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Population

A group of organisms of the same species living in the same area.

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Factors Affecting Population Growth

Elements like disease, predators, food availability, space, and water influence a population's size.

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High Temperatures and Coral

Elevated temperatures cause coral bleaching, where the coral loses its color and can die.

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Ocean Acidification's Impact

Increased acidity in the ocean hinders the growth of coral reefs.

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Population Growth Curve

A graph showing how a population changes over time, with different phases of growth and stability.

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Live Transect

A method to study changing environments by dividing a line into sections and observing organisms within each section.

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Belt Transect

A transect with quadrats placed along a line to measure species density and occurrence.

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Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

Strategies for minimizing waste and conserving resources.

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Advantages of Recycling

Benefits include energy conservation and pollution prevention.

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Disadvantages of Recycling

Challenges include time-consuming processes and high associated costs.

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Study Notes

Biology EOT Review

  • Classification:

    • This is the grouping of organisms in order to identify them.
    • The science of classifying organisms is called taxonomy.

  • Taxonomy:

    • Organisms can be classified into 3 domains.
      • Bacteria - Similar to eubacteria
      • Archaea
      • Eukaryota - Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protists

  • Organisms can be grouped into kingdoms

    • There are 5 kingdoms.
      • Prokaryotae
      • Protista
      • Fungi
      • Plantae
      • Animalia

Characteristics of Life (CRIMMER)

  • C- Growth: An increase in size or mass.
  • R- Respiration: The release of energy from food.
  • I- Irritability: Response to stimuli (e.g., taste).
  • M- Movement: A change in body position.
  • M- Metabolism: Chemical reactions enabling life processes
  • N- Nutrition: Feeding/taking in nutrients
  • E- Excretion: Removal of waste (sweating, urine, excreting).
  • R- Reproduction: Production of offspring.

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Description

Prepare for your end-of-term Biology assessment with this comprehensive review. Cover key concepts like organism classification, taxonomy, and the characteristics of life. Unpack the details of domains, kingdoms, and the CRIMMER acronym to solidify your understanding.

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