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Questions and Answers
Which of the following factors does not increase the rate of diffusion?
Which of the following factors does not increase the rate of diffusion?
- Increased temperature
- Larger surface area
- Steeper concentration gradient
- Greater distance (correct)
A hypertonic solution has a high concentration of water.
A hypertonic solution has a high concentration of water.
False (B)
What type of cellular transport requires energy to move molecules against a concentration gradient?
What type of cellular transport requires energy to move molecules against a concentration gradient?
active transport
Root hair cells absorb water due to their high number of _______, which generate the required energy.
Root hair cells absorb water due to their high number of _______, which generate the required energy.
Match the solutions with their description:
Match the solutions with their description:
Flashcards
Diffusion
Diffusion
The movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
Concentration Gradient
Concentration Gradient
The difference in concentration between two areas. The steeper the gradient, the faster the diffusion.
Active Transport
Active Transport
The movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration, requiring energy.
Hypotonic Solution
Hypotonic Solution
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Surface Area: Volume Ratio
Surface Area: Volume Ratio
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Study Notes
Diffusion
- Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
- Factors that increase the rate of diffusion:
- Higher temperature
- Larger surface area
- Steeper concentration gradient
- Shorter distance
Solutions
- Dilute solution: Low solute concentration, high water concentration.
- Concentrated solution: High solute concentration, low water concentration.
Tonicity
- Hypertonic: Lower water concentration.
- Hypotonic: Higher water concentration.
Active Transport
- Active transport moves molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
- It requires energy, produced by mitochondria.
Root Hair Cells
- Root hair cells absorb water because of their high energy.
- They have many mitochondria to support energy needs.
Surface Area to Volume Ratio
- Volume = length x width x height
- Surface area = length x width x number of sides
- A larger surface area to volume ratio allows for efficient exchange of materials.
Alveoli (Lungs)
- More alveoli increase the surface area for oxygen absorption.
- Good blood supply maintains a steep concentration gradient.
- Thin walls and short diffusion distances accelerate gas exchange.
- Ventilation maintains a concentration gradient.
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